HMAR KOHRAN*

~ John H. Pulamte

Thuhmatawng

Ka thusep ziek hi kum iemani zât liemtah lai a’n thawka ka lungril ngaituonaa inlanghai thei ang anga ka lo khawlkhawmhai a ni a. Milaia hang phawrsuok dingin ka pieng le seilienna, ka nu le pa ngirhmun le khawsakna ka en naw thei nawh; Pastor nau ka nia, kohran zâra hi chen tlung thei ka ni bawk si. Hun le nihai liempui dinga kan hlamzui tir titi hnung kha, tulai hnai hi thu bawk hin nasataka ka lungril ngaituona a hung hluo thar nawk tlat leiin a déng dèng déng ding le a chang chang chang dingin ka hung phawrsuok ta khawng khawng a nih. A tlângpuia ka hmu dân ka ziek suok el a nia, tu mimal le pawl khawm inkawktir le nèk bik ka nei nawh. Hi thuziek leia lo na pal le hliem pal an um a ni khawmin ngaidam inhnina ding san neiin kan hriet nawh; a pawi ka tipui chauh bâk chu! 

A thuphung

Kum 1910-a Manipur simthlanga Chanchinṭha a hung lût lei khan a biela chênghai kawng hran hranah nasatakin a dawmsang a. A hmaa pielral, mi neinung le thangsuo hai chauh chan dinga an ngai kha pasie-daikilkara mi le hmeithaihai khawmin an chang ve thei ti an hung hrietsuok bâkah an pathien biek dân le sakhuo zui le inrelbawl dânhai nasatakin a suk varzâng pha bawk. Hriselna le taksa inenkawlna a sukawlsam phaa; a hma nék deiin nuhmei ngirhmun a dawmsang bawk. Chuong lai zing chun, khristien sakhuo le inzui tak, KOHRAN sûnga buoina le inṭhena leia a ram le hnama kakhawk ṭha naw tak a nei zie hi hriet le hmu hmaih ruol a ni ta nawh.

Ei rama kohran le inzawma buoina hmasatak chu March 1912 laia Sap Tlangval a kohran memberhai Ukhrul biela rawngbawl mek, William Pettigrew in Baptists ni dinga a hung zawr chiem ṭum kha a nih. Sienkhawm, a thulaimu tak kha dokṭin le ringna tieng thu, a biel mipuihai la hriet le man phâk naw tieng a ni leiin nghawng a nei bèk nawh. Sap pachal e ti lovin tlung in ding a hnawng ṭêp lem a nih. 1928 bawr lai a’n thawka Sap Tlangval le Coleman inkâra buoina le NEIGM kohran sûnga inṭhena ruok kha chu hril le hmu hmaih ruol a ni nawh; Hmar hnam le kohran sûnga kakhawk pawi-sei tak a nei zie chu tu hun le chatuon chenin ṭhang la hung thar peihaiin la hril ngei an tih. Sap Tlangval kha NEIGM hming phuoktu, a bul ṭantu le neitu hmasa ni sien khawm a kohran indin le phun a’n thawk kutbentheka a suok khan Indo Burma Pioneer Mission a’n din a, Manipur tienga a rawihai ruok chu ‘Independent’ tiin a’n ko tira, a hnung sawtnawteah ICI a pieng pha.

April 20, 1969-a Sap Tlangval a thi hma char kum khan ICI sûngah inghirnghona a suok a. Ukilhai ruoia sorkar court le roreltuhai hmaah poisa sum tamtak sênga an inhêk hnungin court puo tieng inremna siem a nia chu 1973-in EFCI a pieng tho tho. 1989 khan EFCI sûngah buoina a suok nawk a; a ra chu Hmar kohran pawl dang, WMCEI hi a nih. Coleman hnung zuitu, NEIGM hnuoia Hmar ṭawng hmanghai kohran, EAC khawmm inṭhena hri a’n thawkin a fihlîm bîk nawh. Pathien hming sála kuttum le kawlhnam inlek ngama sawtfe an inmelrum hnungin April 8, 1979 khan RPCNEI a pieng ve tho.

Hienghai bâkah hin ringna le doctrine thil leiin 1960 lai khan Hmar khristien ṭhenkhatin AG le UPC an lo zawm tah a. 1983 khan AG kohran a’n thawk hin Lalsungkuo kohran (Unity Church) a pienga; hi ‘unity church’ hai khom hi an ‘unite’ zing chuong nawh. An hmaṭhuoitu puipa takin pawl dang a’n din san dei a ni awm. UPC sungah khawm hin Northeast India le Mizoram ti’n tlawmte te’n an lan ṭhedar nawk pei. Hieng hai bâkah hin, a rûk-a-râla indin ni chie naw sien khawm tláng hriet mang lovin Hmarhai lai Douglas, Four Square, Catholics, Manna Full Gospel, Local Church hai a lo pieng tah a, tu chen hin khawlai khuo khuoa mani chu khuongte inṭéngraka vuoin an lan khawlbing zing. Hmar kohran sunga inṭhena tharlam tak chu 2014 kuma AG kohran sunga inṭhena, tu chena la chingfel lo hi a nih.

Hmar hnam sûnga kohran pawl hieng tlawta a tamna san hi sui le ngaituo tham khawp niin inlang sien khawm chuong taka sei le sawt buoipui ding a um nawh. A san iem? Hieng inṭhena hai hi ringna tieng thu le Bible thu lák le pawm dân inangnaw lei ni lovin, ‘hi khawvel inlalna le thuneina, sum le pâi thil le hotu inchuna lei mei mei deu vawng lei a nih’. A pui naw taluo!

Chîk taka ngaituo le buoipui tham lem chu ieng leia hieng lawm lawma Hmar-haiin mi dang le hnam danghai nêka kohran ngai thupui le inhnika a thu ei lâk ursûn am ana, ti tiengpang lem hi a nih. A mimir hmun thuma ṭhea hmun hni deuthaw hin chu kohran thusuok a ni phawt chun ihë loa thlarau thienghlim hrietpuina anga ngaiin kawng iengkima zawma phursuok ei tum el ni takin a’n lang. Mani inlawina kohran thutlûkna chu, ‘ti ziek’ anga ngaiin sawisel thienglo le Pathien hrietpui anga ei ngai lai zingin ei kohran dang thuthlukna le hmalâkna chu a deusaw zawng le hrilhnuol zawngin ṭhang ei lâk nawk ang lawi si!

Pathien thutak hrietna kawnga naupangte ei ni laia ‘kohran’ hran hrana inṭhedar ei ni leiin mani kohran chauh kha Pathienin a ko hran anga ngaiin midang kohran chu hnawl pawngchawr el hlak mi ei tam hle. Pathien hring bie le neitu ei ni zie ei nungchang le thilthawa suklang ngam mi nèkin ‘chu kohran-kha kohran’ eini zie ei kawtkhar biengah hai hawrawppuia zieka tardawk ngam khawm ei um nuol bawk. A tlângpuiin hienga ‘kohran inhnik’ mihai hi Khrismas le Kum Thar lawm ni ngawia inlang hlakhai an ni nuom nawk tlat si. Mani inlawina kohran ei hlutsak taluo lei hi’m a ni ding laihrui inzawm ngei ngei khawm kohran khata an inlawi naw chun sietni-ṭhatni a chauh naw chu insirpaw naw tawp khawm ei um hiel.  

Chîng Dân Dangdài

Ei rama kohran mi lo phun hmasa pêktuhai khan an ringthar lâkhai kha umchilin Pathien thu le kohran ser-le-sânghai fumfétakin an inchûktir hman nawh a. Ringthar mawl té tèhai kha zuhmun-sahmuna an kir nawk a, an lung an lêng nawk an inlaupui angreng si lei ni ngei a ta, a tam theipatawp anni le anni insukhlima, Pathien thua an inpawlkhawm theina dingin chawlkar khata zan tin kha kohran prokram le inkhawm an inneitir el nisien a hawi. Hieng ang ruohmanna hi khawvel hmun le ram danga hmu le hriet ding a um meu nawh.

Chawlkar khata zân tin Biekin le kohran prokrama an mi hnawkhatpui hnungin kum khata thla sawmpahni um laia a boruok inhawi thla tak le lo sin thawna a khawm awlthawng hun, Thlaram (September) thla chu Beiruol thlaa hmangin zantin thupui neiin an mi’n khawm tir bawk. Chu bâkah chun, Titi Lengkhawm, Crusade le Bible Camp chi tum tum neiin kum 100 chuong ei lo fepui tah. Ei inkhawm rawn le Pathien thu ei hril le ngaithlak rawn anghuin Pathien thu hrietna le ringna kawng le thlarau ramah ei insâng pha am ti hi ngaituo tham ni bawk a tih.

Inkhawm a tam lei khan Pathien thu hril chu tirko le thawktu an ruoihai mawphurnaa sie sêng zozai a ni ta naw a; a nuhmei a pasalin an lo bei el hlak kha tu chen hin ei sunzawm ta pei a. Ei rama kohran hmasahai hun lai khan, Bible khawm indik taka tiem thei lo chu hrillo, ‘hming la ziek lo’ chen hai khawma chawlni zân inkhawmahai hun lo changin an nuom nuom an lo inphawtin an lo ‘gawp’ thu hril le hriet a nih. Chuong hun lai kha ni mei a tih, pa pakhatin Mathai bung 6-a ‘Lalpa Tawngṭaina’ kha changtlangin a hmang a; ‘I hming inza um raw se’ ti lai tak kha, “I hmingin za (hundred) um raw se’ tiin a tiem pal a; “eini rawi hi ei hmingin za a um tling naw khawmin 99 dam 98 dam annaw khawma 95 bêk ei inumtir a ngai” tiin a bei rak a niawm. Pakhat dang nawk lem chun, “a kila lung pawimaw” ti kha ‘Akiha lung’ tia tiemin, ‘Saprama um a ni thu le Sâp ram a’n thawka mi pakhatin a hung hawn chu a mit ngeia a hmu thu a hril’ pawp tie. Khang hun lai khan chu, titi sep thiem le tawngkama hausa hai kha thuhriltu ropui, thiem le inlâr an lo ni pei el hlak niawm a nih. Tulai khawm a ni met tho. Nasa chu ei nasa!

Poisa Sum le Kohran

Ieng pawl le kohran khawm poisa sum boa um le fe thei a ni nawh; rawngbawl inzauhna ding le thawktuhai hlaw ding le pawlpui nitin khawrsaw dingin sum a mamaw a, zawng a ngai. Sienkhawm, poisa sum hi a tam met phaa inkhîk-inkhalna a um nuom vieu zie a hrie naw ram ei um nawh. Hmar laia kohran inṭhena san laia pawimawtak chu sum a nih a; kum zabi 16-na laia Roman Catholic kohran a’n thawka Protestant hung pieng suokna san khawm kha sum tho a nih. Tulai hnaia sap ṭawng ei hmang inlar thar, ‘city church’ khawm hi sum le inunau an ni naw khawmin inlaibung bek chu an ni el thei.

Ei rama Kohran kha a fe pei dân ding le inṭhuoi dân ding mumal taka rèlfel a ni hmaa chawp le chila indin a nih. Kohranah ‘teacher-evangelist’ hai le ‘laymen’ hai pawimawna an ang deu phuor a; dawrkai le sumdawngmihai pawimawna a lien a, sum le paia lo hnienghnar deuhai chu kohranah an hlu ting el a nih. Chu chu gospel zabili ei lawm hiel hnungah khawm a la danglam rak nawh; khang hun laia hril khawp an la um naw leia lo inlar lo, tulai huna ei hlutsak le sie pawimaw thar em em hai chu sorkara kamdinghai le officer-hai hi ni mei an tih. Hmar kohranhai lai hin tangka sum hin sandamna èm chu inchaw thei naw sien khawm local committee member nina dàm, Pathienni zâna thuhriltu ni theina dàm, kohran inkhawmpuia thungna tha le langsar le Kohran Upa ninahai chu a’n chawk thei ta a ang. Pasiehai ta ding chun, chuong ang hamṭhatna le ninahai chu hrillo, kohran pawla ṭhang thei naw hun khawm a la tlung ei thei ding ni’n an lang.

Hmar kohran pawl tinhai hin thawlawm pangngai hieng - Sawmapakhat, Bufaiṭham, Thingṭham, Thlaithar, Buthar, Ringna Thutiem le Building Fund hai ei dawl bâkah Nuhmeipawl, Thalaipawl le Naupangpawl le tulai hnaia ei nei thar, Pavanglai/Pavalai chenin target chi tum tum neiin ei pang inhângrakin ei dawl a; eini le eini eiin sawkda rak chu a ni tak. A hma deu khan ‘naupang chawmna’ kha ei uor a; pawl inzawrna le insawnkuolna takin ei hmang bawk. Tulai chu a mi chawmtuhai kha an varsuok ta leia an mi chawm nuom ta naw lei am, eini ei hung varsuoka naupang chawmna dinga ramdang a’n thawka poisa laklût kha a hlawk naw zie ei hrietsuok lei, a’n lar ta rak nawh. Naupang chawmna tieng fekhélin Development Program tieng ei uor thar a, hma ei sawnpui le pui naw chu a hriltu izir ni mei a tih. Hmar kohran tinhaiin ei project haia dingin rambung dawr bîk ei nei seng a; World Cup football lai khawm ei kohran inlawina a zirin ei ṭan an ang naw nuoi hlak. Pui tak ei nih; pui tak!

Ei kohran haia poisa sum ei sie pawimawzie suklangna dang pakhat chu ei magazine haia thawlawm thawtu le an thawzat le thaw nasan sei duota ei ziekhai hi ni mei a tih. Pathien le kohran ta dinga ṭhahnemngai rak lo khawmin mani le mani insuklar tumna (advertisement) khawma thaw thei hawina chin a um tah. Kohran ta dinga thawlawm ei duthaw taluot leiin a petu, a lamsuokna le pêkna sanhai ngaituona hun ei nei ta nawh a; sum thienghlim lo le indik lo taka lamsuok a lo ni khawma, kohran account-a a hung lût ta khan chu a thienghlim angin ei ngai hmak nghal pei nisien a ang. Hilai thu le inhnaia ama Pu L. Ruoivel Pangamte’n 1999 lai deia HSA prokrama a lekha ziek hang lasawng vak ei tih:

“Kohranin tangkasum zawng sinpui taka ei nei el ta hi, kohran hmasahai tlûksietna a lo ni hlak ti ka hrietnaw leia ka ngaimak taluo ni chuong lovin, ‘kohranin sum, a lamsuok rawn deu deu, thawlawm dinga hlèpruk le sum thienghlim naw laklût ei huoi deu deu’. Kohran thuoituhai thahnemngaina hi ka kal ni chuong lovin, ‘kohran thuoituhai thahnemngaina a’n thûk deu deu, thawlawm tamna ding a ni phawt chun, sum thienghlim naw khom tlim nawna a lien deu deu!! Kohranhai thienghlimna le huoisenna langsàrtak nia ka hriet chu, ‘a rûkna nuhmei/pasal neihai hnawtdawk’ hi a nih. Hi thila a thienghlimna le a huoisenna ang hin, thil dangah khawm huoisen sien chu, kohran hin thil a va siemtha rawn awm deh!”

Hieng tlawta kohran hmingin sum ei dawla ei hmusuok rawn lai zingin kohrana thawktuhai ngirhmun chu a’n hnuoi pangngaiin a la’n hnuoi zing tho. Sorkara Grade IV hai hlaw zat khawm ei pêk phâk naw lai an tha le zung, an lungril ngaituona le hun nei po po hmang dingin ei beisei tlat zing si.

Kohran hminga poisa sum ei dawl rawn ta èm leiin leiin hnam le khawtlang ta ding chun pêk ding meuh ei nei ta naw a; prokram hang riruong le huoihawt ding hlakin poisa sum bo chun thil theilo hulhuol a ni bawk si. Hieng hi a ni pei chun, kum sawtnawte hnungah chu ei mithihai khawm khawtlang le hnam hming ni lovin a kohran zawnga ei lan phûm el khawm a ṭûl el thei.

A pawhleua inti sakhuomi tamtak hai chun ei pi le puhai a’n thawka ei lo chîng le tu chena ei la sunzawm, mani túhai thinia puhaiin ‘Pu Zu’ an buotsai hlak khawm hi a hming an sam ngam ta nawh; chuong mihai chu kohrana an nina hum zing nuomhai le nina nei tumhai an ni tlangpui! Chuong lai zing chun, chuong tlawta Pathien thu nêka kohran inhnika pipu thurosie le nunphung le thil dang po po chu setan tirko ang tlawta ngai pawlhai hin anni ngeiin thina le mangangna an tuok pha chu pahnam, laibung le sûng le kuo le thisen inzawmpuihai hriefua zawng vel ruoi hrat hrat an ni hlak.  

Inlalna le Thuneina

Khawvel mihriem a tunga lawn taphawt hai hi varna, thiemna le insângna dit naw ei um nawh; inlal le thunei ni ei nuom seng bawk. Mani nungchang le thilpêkhai nêka a thu chauh le a hmêl mawi zawnga thuoitu ni a awlsam lem zie hrietu khawm a tamlem ni mei ei tih. Rambung le rambung khawm thuneina le ropuina inchuin an indoa, mi tamtakin an tuor pha hlak. Khawvela um le mihriem pangngai eini leiin kohran sûngah khawm Pathien ram hmangaina lei le kohran ta dinga ṭhahnemngaina lei ni kher lovin thuneina le mimal le sungkuo pawlitiks tirdakum tak leiin buoina ei suksuok rawp hlak. Khristien sakhuo zuitu lai chauh nilovin Hindu philosophy a khawm miin kum 60 a pèl tah chun a khawvel sin le nina hai maksana Pathien thudik zawngsuok hun ni tain an ngai ve. Chuong ang chu khawvel lungril thlèk dan réng a ni lei am ani ding eini lai chu kum 50 khawm la tling tha loa ‘Kohran Upa’ ni inhawk ei tam a, tektik hran hran hmanga uolau rak loa vote zawng khawm hming suot meua hril ding hrie tamtak ei um tah. Local Committee member ni nuom lei dam le Kohran Upa tling naw leia mani inlawina Biekin insawn khawm hril ding ei um nawk bawk.

Thlarau ram annaw khawma sum le pâi tienga kohran ta dinga ṭangkai le peksuokna kawnga tlawma kut zâng deuhai chu kohrana a challang pawl an hung ni nghal a. Hi lei hin sorkar thawktu, mani sin thawna le hlaw hmunaa ngûk tak le ringumtaka thaw pei mang si loa kohran tienga taima vieu hlak Hmar kohran tinah ei um fur. Chuong mihai chu Pathien thutak hmu phâk loa, lunginnona ṭhanga keihëm awlsam bîk nuhmei ruolin an chawisangin an hlutsak nuom bik hlak.

Chuong ang mi, thieng le thieng naw kara poisa sum lamsuoktuhai le an testimawni khawm ringhla umhai chun sawtnawte kârin an thawlawm thawhai changchawiin kohran pastor le tirkohai nèka thaw hlawk lem le ṭangkai lema inngaina an hung neia, ‘ka sawmapakhata ka chawmhai’ ti ṭawngkam dâm an hung hmang ta mei mei hlak. Chu zár peia chun kohran ro inrêlna - Local, District/Region/Presbytery, Assembly/Synod a hai chen fulltime-a rawngbawltu hai nèka thu le rawl hung neiin kohran le Pathien ram ta dinga mi ṭhahnemngai le thaw hlawk anga ngai an hung ni tah pei el a nih. Mani Pastor le DS hai khawm ei dit le ti zawng a ni mang naw chun a hun pangngai hmaa transfer theitu ei ni zie uolau taka hrilsuok ngam kohran member hriet ding ei um zeu zeu ta bawk.

Chuong hai vêl pei a’n thawk chun ei Pastorhai le rawngbawltuhai ngirhmun le hlutna ei sukhnuoi a; Biekina pulpit rawngbawlna hun khawm ei inchangtir tlawm pha ta pei bok. Ti thei ding dingin, ei pastor ṭhenkhat chu thlarau ram chu hril lo, nungchang le hawihera an nina phusuok lo em em; fak hmuna ding ringawta kawtkharpuia inthawk niloa tukver a’n thawka kohrana inchawmlut an um nawk ve bawk.

Hnam le Kohran

Ei ramah hin a nawlpuia thlarau le Pathien thu tienga hartharna (revival) a tlung hriet ding a um nuol tah a; a nuhnungtak chu 1993 bawr laia mi kha a nih. Kha revival hung inṭanna kha kohran pakhat KTP Gospel Camp el ni sien khawm, thawk le khatin Hmar kohranhai a fang suok nghal a, a hnungah ei unau hnam dang le ei kawl le kienghai a kângzap pei a ni kha; kohran pakhatin ‘a credit’ lak bîk a tum chun indiknaw nih.

Ei rama Khristienna a hung lût zabili (centenary), hnam hminga lawmna siem hmasa loa, mani kohran chita a ropui thei ang patawpa ei hmang hnunga ‘thawnaw ém chu’ ti niawmtaka a hnam hminga ei hmang kha ei hnam history-a hril la hlaw ding ni ngei a tih. Kohran jubillee a ni naw a, hnam le ramin gospel chanchinṭha a hmu champha a ni kha chu ei hriet chieng hle bawk si! Thang la hung thar pei haiin khalaia kohran le hnam thuoituhai kha mawsie naw hramhai sien nuom a um ngei. An hun hmaa kohran inṭhe pawlitiks rasuok a ni tlat si!

Ei kawl le kienga hnam danghai inthuruol zie le an hnam le Pathien ta dinga an ṭhahnemngai zie ei hril uora; eini hlak chun anni hai a’n thawk inchûk ei tum ṭhak bawk si nawh. “Hnam dang dàn ṭhahai la ve’ng ei ta, An dân suol thiet lovin” ti hla khawm hi kohran dan puoa umhai sak ding deuin ei sie hrë tah nisien a hawi hle. Mani kohran seng ei ngai pawimaw hmasa leiin mithi in le puipunni a hai khawm hril sei ngailoin thina tuok sungkuohai inlawina kohran a’n hriet thei nghal hlak. 

Mani kohran sûng bak ei enkhêl thei meu naw leiin ei tleirawl/rawlthar talent ṭha tak tak le fakhmuna khawp thiemna neihai khawm an talent pholangna ding hmun a tlawma; a hriepuitu ding an tam naw tlat leiin an ni ding ang le an tlung ding chen tlung phak lovin an thâmral hlak. Ei indaidanna bang inzauh dàn ding lampui chu ei kohran le ṭhalai thuoituhai hin an la ngaituo ve phak bawk si nawh.

Mi tamtak chun mithar le hmelthar chu ei inkhawmna kohran le inlawina Biekin a’n thawk ei inzawng suok tum hmasa taa, ‘ieng kohran am i na?’ ti zawna hi ei hmang tlanglawn ta hle. Hnam pakhat, ṭawng pakhat neia um ei ni leiin thu le hlaa ei insukhlim le suk hmasawn a ngai a. Ei hlasak thiem le lekha ziek thiem haiin kumpui linglet an buoipui thu le hla pakhat an hang tlangzar hlak dea chu an sum hmusuok le an inrimna a’n tu naw taluo.

Lekhabu pakhat copy 500 zawrsuok ding chun bei fet a ngai; a zatve deuthaw bata an pek a la ni nawk nghal hlak. Hla a ni hlakin cassette, disc zawr um ta lo, YouTube channel ah upload a ngai; sum huoilutna ding khop hlakin viewer ding ei tlawm. Hmar hla million view hmu kutpara thliek khawp chauh ei la nei. Kohran chîn le member tlawmnaa mihai ngirhmun a châu dabawl nawk. Ei literary body le artist inzawmkhawmna hai a’n thawk dam hin sum le paia inthuomna tlawma zawng bek um thei sien ni ding. Hieng zing hin chu mani tha le zung le ngaituona le sum le pai a tlawnin tu’n am a séng a séng pei ding?

Hmar kohran tinin a hran senga puitling sande skul ei nei lai khan a kohran lien deuhai khawma Hrilfiebu, copy 1000 an sut khawma chuong ther thûr hlak kha HCLF hnuoia inzawmkhawma sabjek pakhat ei hang intawm meuh chu copy 5000 ei sut hem hem el. Hi hin thu tamtak a hril a nih. Na nei chun hrie mawl raw se!

Kohran ram chauh ei hmu mawi taluotna leiin hnam le khawtlang thil le inzawma sin hrim hrim chu ei hmu khawvel a, ei nauhai khawm ei kawkhmu bawk naw leiin a’n hnik pei le ngaituo pei ei tlawm tiel tiel. Kohran pawl hming le inkungkaina neiloa thawlawm chu mi rimsi le fahrahai ṭhangpuina ding khawm nisien ei kut ei kei a, a dawltuhai chen ei deusaw hlak. Hieng ang lungril hi ei put lei mani ding Hmar hminga pawl ei neihai ṭhuoitu ding chu ei inhnawk a; a fel le tlin ding zawng lovin an hman deu ding le pawi tawk lo deu ding mi ei zawng lem tlat. Chu bâkah chun, a kohran kim zawngin team siem a la ṭul nawk pei bawk. Hnam nunphung le chingdan (Hnam Danbu) chu nuhmei-pasal inneina dinga man le muol rêlna a bâk hmang dingin ei ngai ta nawh. Hnam rorel le kawmiti pha hlak inrum hmakin thu ei suktluk tho; a bawzui ruok chu thudang.  

‘Aw kan Hmar ram, inthim tlang dumduoi’ tia ei sak châng,  a hniengnar le kamdingna nei lem haiin kum iemani zât ei hluo ve ta na le khawsakna, Tuiṭhaphai, Guwahati, Shillong, Aizawl le ‘dar ang ei sai’ New Delhi tieng ei lungril inlèn lovin Sinlung Hills (Mizoram), Ruonglevaisuo (Manipur) le Cachar le Jinam Valley (Assam) hai eiinkawktir a. ‘Aw Pathien kan ram kan pek che, kan ram lungmawl inthim hi; I varmawi chun hung sunvar la, mal mi hung sawmpek raw aw!’ tiin ei khek inruola chu, hieng ram harsa te tehai hi a kohran hming bêka suk hmasawn le a biela la umsunhai fâk le dawn zawngna kawngah hma an sawna, an intodel thei thei dân ding tieng ngaituo puina a la tam nawh; a biela cheng, a nei met le inruolin an inpêm dawk san zing bawk. 

Kum sawtnawteah chu hieng ramhai khawm hi kawrvaipui ram a ni el theina a um ve tlat ta: ei hluo luma, a ram hausakna – thing le ruo, tui le vadungte hai le ro inphumrukhai (mineral resources) hai ei humhala ei hmang ṭangkai si naw chun. Ram bo chun hnam a ngirsuok tak tak thei nawh a; hnam besan ding umlo chun kohran khawm damkhawsuok chuong naw nih.

Lampui Inhmang

Kohran sunga activities nei rawn kha kohran ṭhuoitu ni tasa le la ni nuomhai ngaihlut der le ṭha ti zawng a ni a. Ei KTP thuoituhai hlak chun thalai inkhawm pangngai bakah hlapawl inchûk le fellowship inzing uta nei le group target sukpuitling chu Pathienin a mi ruotna san le indinna san tak niin an mi ngaipui hmak a. Kohranpui hmingin a hming ei phuok thei phawt hmanga thawlawm ei dawl ta si leiin Nuhmeipawl, KTP le PVL hai poisa zawng vena ding la umsunhai chu - thingpui dawr, lampui sira second hand zawr le kuva le kamcherek dawr hai a ni el tah a.

Thaphui sènga nipuilinglet hmang ngailo inhlawna awlsam le zangkhai deua ei neihai chu bawng sung hmepawk zawr, blanket sawpa inhlaw, machi le nepnawi mei mei an ni el tah. Ei thawlawm dawlhai le thil zawrhai hi a dawltu ta dingin vawikhatna a ni el theia chu a lo petuhai ta dingin a vawi iengzatna hlawl am a’n ta ding, ti ngaituo tham a nih. Ei KTP haiin, ‘Taksa insawizawi hi kawng tinrengah a ṭhahnem a nih’ ti changtlangin ṭhalai sports, marathon, literary week, concert le Bible tieng topic ni chie lo hmang damin seminar an huoihawt a; chuong ang prokram hai chu Youth Club le HSA/HYA in an huoihawt pha ei deusaw nawk angreng hlak.

Ei kohran KTP member hai ngûk tak le taima taka lekha an inchûkna ding sukbahla khawpa program ei neipui laiin ei member laia mi pakhatin a lekha inchûkna le taimakna zara hlawtlingna ṭha a hung chang pha hlak theitawpa lo ṭawiawmtu le ṭhahnemngaipuitu niawmtakin ‘lawmpuina thucha’ le lawmna prokram huoihawtin certificate le thangsuopuon ei in siltir a; chu le inruol chun kohran ta dinga thawlawm pekna kawnga ṭhahnemngai dingin ei infui zui bawk.

Kohran hran hrana inṭhea biel chite tea ei inlap rak rak hin ‘ram ropui a mi’n tlun naw ding’ zie ei hriet suok mèka, la hrie zuol pei ei tih. Sienkhawm, inpumkhat le inzawmkhawm hi a ṭha ti hle inla khawm ringna thu leia lo inṭhe ei ni nawh a, hotu le sum thil mei meia inṭhe kha ei ni tlat leiin chuong el chun ei hnungkir beisei a la um nawh. Kohran hi a thawktu po po chu nilo, mi iemani zat ta ding chun fak hmuna (employment avenue) a ni ve tlat.

Vawisun ang huna kohran thuphung le fepuidan sawisel chu ‘a tui luong naw zawnga inhlieu’ angna chin a la uma; sienkhawm, damte te’n la hung danglam pei ngei ngei a tih. Chuong an naw chun tuta inthawka ṭhangkhat dang nawkah chu ei hnam kohran le ei khawtlang ngirhmun ding chu ennuom um naw hleng a tih.

AW KA THLA, NANG CHU CHU HUNA CHUN THANG VE NAW RAWH AW!

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(* Hi thusep hi February 2013 laia ka ziek, ka lekhabu insuo – Sinlung Suok Zo Nauhai-a inchuon tah, tulai hnaia ka tuoinam le keitawi a nih – JP; Lamka, Tuithaphai; Thlatau/March 15, 2025)

 

DELIMITATION 2025

- John H. Pulamte

Tulaia Manipur phairuom le ‘outer Manipur’ (tlangram) pumpuia thulum hlawt hlawt le abiktakin Meiteihaiin indo thu le hla neka an ngaiven le sopui chu ‘delimitation’ a nih. Delimitation ti hi ei awngin a tlukpui chie a um naw leiin ‘MLA le MP biel siemruolna’ ti inla awm tak a tih. Kum 1947-a India’n zalenna tluontling a hmua, ama le ama ro a’n rela inthawkin a ram pumpui huopin delimitation hi um 4 – 1951, 1962, 1972 le 2002 a hai khan a lo um tah.

A nuhnungtaka mi hi kum 2001 intiempui (census) besana nei a ni a; remchang nawna henkhat khat leiin India Hmarsak state 4 – Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland le Manipur le Jammu & Kashmir ti lo State le UT danghai poa nei vawng a nih. Kum 20 deuthaw hnungah Assamin 2001 intiempui (census) tho besanin a nei a; J&K a ruok chu 2011 intiempui besana nei a ni thung.

Manipura Delimitation 2002 fethlengpui a ni nawna san lientak chu 2001 intiempuia mihriem pung dana inthawka sutin phairama MLA biel 3 (pathum) chu tlangrama fe dinga a um leiin state sorkar thahrui po po hmanga Meiteihaiin an dodal lei a nih. Hi ṭuma delimitation hin MLA le MP (Lok Shaba) seat umzat sukpung thei hlak a ni si nawh a.

Ti thei ding dingin 2001 intiempui khan Senapati district-a Sub-division 3 (pathum), Mao-Maram, Paomata le Purul haia kum sawm sunga za peia mihriem pungna chu Manipur pumpui chawkruola zaah 30.02 chauh (India lem chu 21.54%) a ni laiin hieng biel pathuma hai chu 160 chen dama a pung lei a nih. Hienga awm lo baksaka pung (abnormal growth) a um lei hin a thara ‘head count’ thaw dinga sorkar mihai a khuo khuoa an fe nawk le hlak khawsungah pitar-putar tlawmte ti lo chu a dang po an lo inbi hmang vawng si. A hnungah sorkarin hi biel pathum haia kum 10 sunga mihriem pungna chu zaah 39-in a namdet ta ringawt a nih. Hieng lai hun hi ‘Naga Political Movement’ leia Meitei-hai an phawkleka Naga hrim hrim an thinhrik lai a lo ni kher bawk.

Hi hun lai thoa a pangngai neka mihriem pungna biel, Chandel district-a Chakpikarong Sub-Division (100.08%) ruok chu a ni nia inumtir a ni nawk anglawi si. 2002 Delimitation fethlengpui thei lona state laia a langsar zuol pahni – Assam le J&K haiin kum 2020 tung laia an nei ta tho leiin a la bangkhai state pathum - Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland le Manipur (an pathum inkawpa Lok Shabaa MP 5 chauh nei) hai chu India pumpuia delimitation nawk ding (2026 hnung) an nghak ta law law el ding niin mi tamtakin an ring ta a. Sienkhawm, nei a ni ve ngei theina dinga a nawrtuhai nawr hratna leiin March 17, 2025 khan Supreme Court chun hieng state pathum hai delimitation process chu sukfel dinga central sorkar inhriettirna pein July 21, 2025 phaa hearing nei nawka thuthlukna siem a ni ding thu a’n suo ta tlat a nih.

Delimitation hi inthlang (vote) thu le hla a ni lai zingin a biel ramri rinna chu ‘vote nei’ (voter) umzata innghat lovin kha biel sunga mihriem umzat (census)-a innghat a ni lem. Ei hrietthiem thei dan dingin: Kum 2001 khan Churachandpur district (Pherzawl a la pieng hma) pumpuiah mihriem 2,23,886 an um a; MLA biel 6 (paruk) a um bawk. Biel pakhata mihriem umzat a’n ang naw nasa em leiin siemruol a ul a nih. Chuleiin, disrict pumpuia mihriem umzat chu MLA biel parukah a’n khuongruol dan thei ang takin le, biel pakhata mihriem 35000 bawr a’n thawka 40000 inkara semruol a tum a nih. A vote umzat zawnga tiem chun 25000 a’n thawka 30000 inkar vel ni thei a tih. 2025 a ngat lem chu voter 2.18 lakh a um taa, biel pakhata khawm a tlawm taka vote 35,000 a um ding.

Kum 2004 laia ECI in ‘ruongam’ a siem sinna chun Constituency number le a hming hlui - 55-Tipaimukh, 56-Thanlon, 57-Henglep, 58-CCPur, 59-Saikot le 60-Singhat hai khawm 37-Parbung, 38-Singhat, 39-Henglep, 40-CCPur East, 41-CCPur North le 42-CCP West tia thleng a tum bawk.

Mihriem tam dan ena MLA biel pakhat ramri he hawpna a hin a thei chinah khuorel ramri (natural boundary) umsa vadung le ruom a hmang naw tawp khawmin lamlienpui (highway) a hmang tlangpui.

Sorkar inrelbawlnaa Sub-division ramri a kán khawmin District ramri chu a kán zen zen nawh. A kán hak nawh ti lem chu a ni nawh. Tu khawm hin Senapati (a hnunga Kangpokpi) district huopsunga um tlang.huta khuo 25 zet chu Imphal East le Thoubal huopsunga um MLA bielin a huop tho.

A hmaa hril ta angin 2002 delimitation kha Manipur neitu bika insal Meiteihaiin ‘thil indiklo a um’ suonlamin thiphuhaka an lo kal hlawtling a; 2025 a khawm chu suonlam bawk chu an la hmang bakah May 2023 hnunga an khekpui thar – NRC, Illegal migrants, etc hai an hril uor nawk bawk.

A’ndik, 2001 intiempui khan biel henkhatah dan pangngai let tama insang mihriem an pung a, zuk tiem hat el thei hlak a ni ta nawh. Chu lei tak chun, sorkarin a pungna zat ding awmtawk a ‘fixed’ tawp kha a nih. Chu dungzui chun sorkar ruohmanna le ram le mihriem hmasawnna ding iengkim a fepui. Chu khelah, 2011 intiempui buoina um lovin a zo a; Covid leiin 2021 intiempui nei thei lo a ni chauh a nih. 

Chuonga 2001 intiempui kha hrilchier a um leia 2002 delimitation mei thei a ni chun 2025 a chu sorkar thlungpuiin 2011-a mi hmang hung rawt dei sien chu ‘zawng mang sie’ chu nepte an ni el thei.

Meiteihaiin delimitation 2025 dodalna san, 2002 laia an hmang si ni lo, tuta buoi hnunga an hmang thar chauh chu NRC a nih. NRC (National Registry of Citizen) hi Bangladesh a’nthawka dan loa Assam-a hung luthai dang le a hung lut tasahai tirkir an ni theina dinga ruohmanna a nih. Assama 2002 delimitation nei thei a ni nawna san khawm NRC thu le hla lei niin 1980 lai deia an lo sopui ta, an inchuklai pawl lien (AASU) le regional party pakhat, AGP hung piengsuokna san khawm a ni bawk.

Chuonga dan loa hung inpemhai zawngsuokna chu a maka makin an buoipuia mihriem nuoi sawmpakuo (19 lakh) chuong zet ‘ringhlaum’ an hmusuo ka chu tu chen hin pakhat khawm an la thawnkir nawh. Assama hman NRC a hlawtling naw laia Meiteihaiin Manipura thaw dinga NRC a khekpui rak hi khekpui ding dang an nei naw lei mei mei a ang. A hrim hrim thuah, NRC hi sorkar thlungpuiin Manipura thaw dingin lo remti pal sien khawm iengzat chie am an mandawkin an thawnkir ding ti hi anni khawmin ringthua hril ding khawm an hriet nawh.

1953 a’n thawka tiemin anni Meitei nekin Kuki pungna chu a’n sang lem ngeia chu chuong taka ibaium a tling nawa, a sukchiengna le ringhlana ding ‘data’ an nei der nawh. A mihriem pung si loa a khuo (village) le vote nei (voter) pung mei mei a ni thei am, ti khawm an ngaituo nawh. Kuki let tamin Muslim an pung lem dei.

A tawpna din, NRC le Hmar-hai:

1911 intiempui khan Manipurah Hmar 2234 an um a, 1921 khan 4555 le 1931 khan 5643 an um. 1941 khan Indopui leiin intiempui a um naw a, 1951 khan 9762 an um. 1911 anthawka tiemin kum 100 sungin Hmar mia tiem mihirem 48,375 an um tah.

1951 a’n thawka Manipura kum 10 dana za peia Hmar pung dan chu:  

- 1961 in 51.72%  

- 1971 in 49.71%  

- 1981 in 25.33%  

- 2001 in 22.43%  

- 2011 in 20.4% chauh a nih.

Churachandpur district bika decadal growth chu:  

- 1961 in 33.08%  

- 1971 in 56.41%  

- 1981 in 37.37%  

- 1991 in 30.73%  

- 2001 lem chun 27.08% chauh a nih.

1961 le 1971 haia a’n sang deuna san khawm hi a tiemtuhaiin a hmun a hmun chiea fe loa ralkang anthawka an zuk ringthu ziek lei a ni el thei.

Hieng ang sorkar data besan chun eini rawi ta ding hin ieng ang NCR khawm umsien lungphangna ding a um nawh. Sienkhawm, Meiteihai lungril put hmang le ‘manipulation’ an thiem zie en chun ringzo an um nawh. Central tieng eini nekin an tlatlum a, sum le pai le thluokbur ha an hau lem a. Khelmuhlum khawm inching mata hril an rin naw a; an pawisa naw bawk si!

HLA RIENGINKO

~ Dr Lal Dena, Prof (Retd).

                

A tlâwm taluo i lêngna dî’n,

Kan rûn in khawm a mawi zo nawh;

Iengleiin am vângnei hrailêng,

Vângduoi rûna lêng thei i ta! - James Joel Joute(JJJ).

Tulâia Zoram khawvêla sai hla phul liem nasa tak chu, “A tlâwm taluo” hi ni ngêi dingin ring a um. Seplêng (U-tube) hei hawng ta, hi hla hi channel hran hrana Zoram khawvêla hlasak thiem hmingthang tam tak sak huoi huoi, thlang hlaw bêk bêk, ngainuom um, hla lungsiet um, lunglai ril suktuitu hla rienginko tâwp a nih. Hi hla hi kum 1991-a James Joel Joute-in a phuok, ama ngeiin a sak video khawm kum 2005-in siem a lo ni tah. Vâihnuram kum sâwmhni hnunga ring phâk dêr loin January 23, 2025 Muolhawi-a, Pu Chawivung Pudaite, B.Lalsanglien Inbuon le Mizorama hlasak thiem hmingthang Young Fella-haiin an hung saka inthawka hung phul liem, thâwklekhat loa Zoram khawvêlah pumpui chappui kâng anga hung sukchawktu kha a nih.

Pehêl loin a mu muin zuk khê el ei tih. Hi hla hi hmangaihna mak lânu Laltuokzo le vâla James Joel Joute-hai kâra hung ṭo suok, harsatna simthlipui, beidawngna phaivuo’n kum sari vêl a nuoi vêl hnung hung pâr suok hrilna a nih.  A nih, hmangaina hi a mit â’n del a, ramri a nei nawh a, chi le kuong a thlier bawk nawh. Kum a nei nawh a, naupang upa a thlier nawh. Chuong ang bawkin mi neinung le pasie khawm a thlier bawk nawh. A pasie êma, hmangai nâwng ka tih a ti ngai nawh a; a neinung bawka, hmangai ngam naw ning a tih bawk nawh.

Lientlângpui khuoah Laltuokzo nu le pahai chu khawsa thei le insûng hnienginhnâr tak an ni âwm. Nu le pahai hin nauhai ei hmangai senga, nuhmei ṭha tak, pasal ṭha tak nei hai sien ei nuompui seng. Amiruokchu, chu chu ei thu a ni nawh. Laltuokzo nu le pa khawm hin an naunû’n pasal khawsa thei, neinung nei sien an nuom, dem thei an ni nawh. Khing tieng pangah vâla James Joel ngîrhmun hei thlîr ta! A pain hun lo taka a boralsan a nih. William Shakespeare chun vângduoina a hung tlungin a mal malin a hung tlung naw a, a têl têlin a hung tlung hlak a lo ti chu JJ-hai urêng sâwmhai chungah sukdik a nih. An fahrana le beidawngna belsatu dingin an nu a hnungkîr nâwk el chauh ni loin, ṭang dang a bêl nâwk a. Ârpui muin a lâka, a tehai bêl ding nei loa invai ang an nih. Nu le pa hmangaitu thla hnuoia um loin, pasietna le tlâksamna, hmusitna le endawngna chu an chan a lo nih tah. An upa tak sipaia a fe leiin, insûng mawhphurna po po, salruol paruk le nuhmei pathum enkawl chu JJ liengkoa innghat a nih. En tâ, JJ sangpa Parbunga inkhâwmpuia fein a u kekawrtluon neisun a bunpêk a, inkhâwmpui sûng po po JJ puon biin a dâwngmanu a lêng hlak. Hi hin JJ-hai ngîrhmun a hril chieng. An fairêlin sip ni a nei ngai nawh a, mi hriet loa suong insama meichawk an en el ni a tam hlak. JJ-in

A tlâwm taluo i lèngna dî’n,

Kan rûn in sûng a mâwi zo nawh;

Iengtin am vângnei hrailêng;

Vângduoi rûn inah lêng thei i ta!

tia a hang insam chu, ti âwm rêng a tih. Lung a dawng.

Ka hma ka siel ngam lul nawh,

Aw Di, ka hmangai êm lei chein;

I lâwmna ding a ni phawt chun,

Vâl dang mi pawm san lem el rawh- 

Hi hi hmangaina indik tak chu a nih. Amâ’n nei naw sienkhawm, a dâwngmanû’n ṭâng dang bêla nun hlim tak a nei thei chu a nuompui a nih. Pu Vankhama, Mizo hlaphuok thiem khawmin hieng ang hin a lo insiam a: (Lusei ṭawnga phuok Hmar ṭawngin zuk inlet ei tih):

I sakhmêl tawng chângin lunglai a hlim a, 

I sakhming an hril siet leh kâwl ang kâ’n thim a;

A ṭha pâr phawt chu i ta dî’n ka ti hlak,

Thei chang sien, i ta dî’n siâr lâk khawm ka huom a; 

Ka thâi ni naw la khawm;

Hmangai! I lung a âwi phawt chun,

Lâwm pei ka tih. 

Hieng ang hmangaina hi chu  Tirko Paula'n “Hmangaina chu a dawthei a, hmangaina chu a ngilnei. Hmangaina chun a thîk nawh. Hmangaina chun mani hma a siel nawh” (l Kor.13:4-5) tia a lo hril leh khawm â’n zûl vieu. Upahai chun hmangai takhai chu nei thei naw inla khâwm, behna tawm inpêk khawm a la khîn lem an tih chuh!

Nu le pa laka dorâl simthli ang hrângin, tlângzarêl sûmpui ang zîng sienkhawm Lrz le JJ chun sepui ruo doa do tlângin,

Inṭhe lo ding aw fam ei châng hma chun,

Lêngtin dorâl pui ieng hrâng sienkhawm;

Ringum takin aw, ringum takin,

Fam ei châng hma chun inṭhê lo ding aw!

an ti chuh! Sap hlaphuok thiem Mary Dobson chun, “Hmangaina indik chuh tui lien khawmin a lên hmang thei nawh a, kângmei khawmin a kâng ral thei nawh” a lo ti chuh! JJ le LRZ-in a takin an sukdik a nih! Kum 1991 Thlaram thla ni 28-in Hmar dân indik takin, “Thina chauh naw chun mi ṭhe naw rawh seh” tiin arasi hnuoiah an lo innei tah. An innei zân khawm chun kângthapuon (rizai) sil ding an nei nawh a, an patehai kângthapuon an la hâw fâwm! Kâr khat hnunga an patehai khuo dangah an inpêm ding leiin an zu lâkpêk nâwk. An innei zân an fâirêla bufai no hni chauh an nei an tih. 

An innei thla li hnungin, “ngâ’n an tam an thipui a, mihriemin an tam an dampui” ti changchâwiin, Rêngkhawpui (Zote khawpui), Tuiṭhaphâiah an inpêm a. A nuhmei khawvêla a rohlu, a nauhai le a tu leh tehai umna dingin Muolhlum, Rengkaiah “Rûn mâwi” nal taka indinin, Pu JJ chun chatuon ram a lo inlâwi tah! Pu James Joel Joute hi hlaphuok thiem, sak thiem bawk; taksain ei ni lai um ta naw sienkhawm, a hla mâwi tak tak haiin vawisûn ni chen hin an mi lâ’n âwi zing a. Pu JAMES JOEL JOUTE THI SIENKHAWM, A HRING ZING! 

KAN THEINGHIL THEI NAW CHE, PU LALROSEM!

~Lal Dena

Sei! Mihrâng an kim ta nawh!

Unaupa John Lalrosem Songate-in January 9, 2025, Ningania chatuan ram a mi lo inlâwisan el hi tuor thiem â’n tak ngêi ie! An hril dânin a zunthlum a lo insânga, a kal a lo tâwk siet, a blood pressure lo hnuoi taluo kha suksâng thei ta loin, a thipui niin an hril. A nauhai kanin USA-ah a zû’n zina, khawvêl dâktawr thiem tamna, iengleia inenkawl loa um am? Hyderabad khawpuiah khawm dâktawr thiem an tam vei leh! Krismas lai khan a Bible inlet (Hmar Authorised Version, Hyderabad) ni âwm tak kha a malpui chunga siein, “Kei ka suol leiin, Vân Lal nau inthieng hnuoia a hung a” ti hla kha kut bena hlim êm êma a sak lai kha facebook-ah ka lo hmuh a, khuo a suksâwt ngei ie! Chawp leh chilin nunhlui ram kan tuol chaina Pherzawl Muolvêng a mi zuk infangtir nghâl a. Mission sikul tuol taka a piengna in dâm mitthla-in ka zuk hmuh a, lungriemin a mi thlâk naw thei nawh.

Unaupa  Lalrosem kha Pu L.C.Thanga le Pi Vêli kârah July 15, 1945 khan a pieng a. An nu Vêli lem kha chu mi lungril hrât tâwp, Timothe Thawn Khatna le Thawn Hnina a bula inthawka a tâwp chen en loa hril suok thei par  leia  lâwmman pakhatna hmuh ngat a nih. An nu an puoa, Lalrosem-hai urêng hi thluok ṭha, lekha thiem thei tak vawng an nih. Unaupa Lalrosem kha keia nêkin kum rûkin a nâupang lem a, nâupang lâi hun khan chu a mi pâwl phâk naw deuh.  Sikul ṭha Don Bosco High School, Churachandpur-a seileien a, BA a zo hnungin, Don Bosco High School-ah bawk zîrtîrtu sin thaw a. Chulei chun a khaw hnungin Catholic Kohran â’n pe a, a bu fâk tâwm zâta a âwm zâwna a kut vai (sign of the Cross) a thaw dâm kha ka mitthlaah a la châm zing. 

Unâupa Lalrosem sikul ṭha seilei a ni leiin Sâp ṭawng kha a thiem a, a ziek thiem bawk. Hmar naw ang takin, a dang â’n nâl êm êm a, a kadang â’n ring bawk. Sâp ṭawng kha dutâwka hmang thei ve, Vaihai le hnam dang kâra khawm ngâituo um lo, mani inhuotkaw thei mi a nih. Don Bosco High School, Churachandpur-a zîrtîrtu sin a thaw lai zing khan Manipur Public Service Commission-a inziek tlingin Manipur Police Service-ah â’n sâng tak niin, Deputy Superintendent of Police (DSP) a kâi hman nghe nghe. A hnungin Union Public Service Commission hnuoia ekzam pe nâwkin Indian Revenue Service (IRS) sin zawmin Calcutta-ah hun iemani chen a lo thawk hman. 

Khâng hun lâi khan kei khawm Centre of Post-Graduate Studies, Imphal (Jawaharlal Nehru University)-ah Associate Fellow sin ka lo thawk ve tah a. Bâwkrâng zîrtîrtu pakhatin P.G.student ruol khuolzina ṭhuoiin Calcutta an tlung charin thisenin â’n luok a, ama âi âw dingin Calcutta-ah ka vuong thla a. Unaupa Lalrosem, Deputy Commissioner (Income Tax Dept) chun zân bu fa dingin a mi hung fiel a, a kuoma zân khat ka riek nghe nghe. Hieng hun lai hin chuh a la Catholic ṭek ṭek khawp el. Hi hnung hin Lalrosem chun UPSC ekzam a pêk nâwk a, IAS hmuin Andhra Pradesh cadre a hmu thu a mi hril a. A thawk vâng lai tak ṭum khat Churachandpur-ah a hung suok a. Bâkh Singh rawngbawlnaa pieng tharin Pathien thu naw chu thil dang hrim hrim a mi hrilpui ta nawh. A hun tâwp chenin Bâkh Singh pâwl Body of Christ Church-a member a nih. A Pathien thu pawm dân kha a danglam khawp el a. A tlangvâl  lâia mi theida le thil a lo suksuolnahai kha a hmu phâk taphawthai kuomah mani ngêia thupha châwia ngâidam inhni kha a nih. Sawrkâr sin thaw zingin a hun âwla khan Pathien thuhril le ziek kha a lo thaw nasa hle âwm. Sâp ṭawnga a lekhabu  ziek ṭhenkhat In Your Sunset Years, The Finger of God, party I le II le The Re-Discovery of the Tabernacle, 1944 an nih. A pathumna The Re-Discovery of the Tabernacle hi a mi pêk a. Theological background ṭha tak nei khâwm ni lo, khâng ang standard insâng lekhabu a lo ziek hin a Sâp ṭawng thiem inrilzie le thlarâu ram a lo pal inthûkzie hi chieng takin a mi hril.

Hmar Holy Bible (BSI Edition) vawihni lai a tiem suok hnungin, siemṭhat ngâi a hmu râwn a ni âwm. Kum 2012 September thla-a ṭanin Hmar Authorised Version (Hyderabad) ti a lo inlet ve a, Hmar literature a sukhâusa phaa, lâwm a um.  Phillipi 3:12-13 tak hi chu hieng ang hin â’n let: “Hmu ta zing inti ka ni nawh a, famkim ta zing inti khawm ka ni nawh, Krista-in a taa a mi siem ta leiin, kei khawma ka ta ni dingin ka thaw ṭâl ṭâl a nih. Unâuhai, ka tain ka siem tah ka tina a ni nawh…”. Hi lâi châng kher hi chu ei Bible version dang danghai nêkin a chiengin a ṭha lemin ka hriet. Hmar Authorised Version hi tiem suok dap inla chu, a ṭhatna dang dang tam tak hmu ding um a tih. Bible lover-hai le Sunde Sikul zîrtîrtuhai lem hin chu Bible Hmar version dang danghai hi tiem le nei kim a ṭha. Unaupa Lalrosem leh hin inhmu nâwk inlang, a Bible hi sut hnina a siem nuom chun zenziek (editing) thawpui ka nuom thu hril ka nuom a, sienkhawm thil thei a lo ni ta si nawh!

Unaupa Lalrosem hin M.A. bâka, First Class Post-Graduate Diploma in Journalism, M.Div, Ph. D., D.D. le D.Litt chen degree-hai a lo lâk leiin mi narân chu a lo ni naw tawp. Hun lo taka a mi lo mâksan el hi, ei inpâmna hi hrilin a siek nawh. Ringum taka a rawng a ibâwlpêk Lalpa chun, “suok ṭha le ringum, i thaw ṭha” lo ti ngêi a tih. Dama la umhai hin a thilthaw ṭhathai hi en tawn (role model)-a hmangin ei nun hmang ei tiu. Goodbye, Brother John Lalrosem Songate! Thlamuang takin i Lalpa kuomah châwl hadam ta rawh.

THIMBUNG TLÂNGAH

 ~ Alan L Thiek

Sap haiin “Thaw lo der nekin inhnûk khawm a tha lem” (better late than never) an lo ti ang deuin, mi vai hnu ram, Tuolbuol ni 7, kum 2023 khan ruol hai Samuel Lalmalsawm le H M Johnson leh Thimbung tlâng, tulai ruolthar haiin M Tlâng tia an hrietlar, sîp zum kan hang kai kha. Kan sawl de naa chu, kai man  a umin, kan hlimin, inhawi kan ti vieu el! Nuom thaw theia ei um dam hi vangneina chung chuong a n’a, tum hlen  le sukpuitling  hi, chin sien lien sien, mi ngaia ropuiin ropui naw sien, nun sukhlimtu le sukhawitu laia pakhat a nih. Kei khawm kum tam tak, lungril rûka ka lo pai le tum tah, hlen theia ka um hin lungril takah  ami suklawmin ami sukhlim rieu.

Tuithaphai inhuol vêltu tlâng hai laia a’n sang pawl tak le mit la tak chu, Sim sak tieng deua um Thimbung tlâng hi a ni ring a um. Sim tieng pana Lên tlâng dung zam phei a, tlâng sîp pahni langsar tak a, hawrawp M anga inthieng thata an intlar hin mit a lâk rieuna a um a, inchik a awlsam bawk bâkah, tiena tlânga inthawka, huoi amanih umna ni dinga an hril hlak lei hi ni tak dingin ring a um, hi tlangsip hin mi a hîp rieuna chu. Upa hai ti dân deuin, kan naupang laia an hril hlak chu, “M Tlâng (Thimbung tlâng) a hin mengte ki nei an um a, a hmu hmu an thi pei hlak” an ti a, ngainuomum ti em emin ei lo ngai hlak chu a ni kha. Ruolpa James (Rev. Dr. James R. Ruolngul) mi hril lem chu pui deu a nih. Hieng hin ami hril, “ ‘Phaivâng dum ei that pha pha M tlânga khawhri an thi pei an ti a nih’ an ta. Vawi khat phaivâng dum tam deu kan hmu a, phaivang dum hai hi a hma tiemin kan that pei a, kan ruolpa pakhatin M tlâng a lo en zing a. Phaivang dum kan that zo char hin, kan ruolpa hin ‘M tlânga inthawk thlarau a tlu ang deuin ka hmu’ a hung ti pei a” tiin ami hril. Khawhri tam rei that chun an inngai a ni el thei. Pui tak chu  a nih. Thim lal kulpui donaa an thei ang tawk an lo thaw ve tum chu a hawi. Ringna le ngairuotna hin thil tam tak chu a umtir thei chu a nih. Thimbung tlâng le a sêvêl lai hin, kum 1960 hnung tieng khan, Indiaa inthawka zalênna  suol pawl Mizo Nationa Front  tlawmngai pawl haiin inkhulnain an hmang hlak niin an hril bawk a, hi khawm hi hi lai hmun chanchin suktamtu pakhat chu a ni ve. Hi bâkah, hi tlâng Suo tieng letliemah hin dil a um a, a tui fim kar el an tih. Hi tui hi sain an tlân hlak a, hi lai hmun ramsa suktamtu khawm a ni el thei. Ei pi le pu hai Tuithaphai an lût tir le a hnung iemani chen khan, Thimbung tlâng le a sêvêl ram hi an sapêlna hmun, sa tamnaa an hril hlak a na, kum 30 liemtah chen khawm khan, ral khata inthawk ei hei thlîr a, ram hmangpui niin, inthim bungin a la’n lang hlak. Hieng ang neu neu, tak le tienami  inchawkpawl, titi thu khaw cháng ngainuomum tak tak  inirsuokna hmun a ni lei hi ni mei a tih,  hi lai tlâng le muol hai hin Tuithaphai laia seilien mi tamtak lungril a lák hle el hih.

Hi tlâng, tienami ngainuom um tak tak le nuizatum tak tak piengna, hranghlui hai ram vachlana hmun ni bawk hi, kai dingin, Tuolbuol ni 7, 2023 zing 8:30 bawrin inlirthei ke pahni neiin kan inthawksuok a. Sim tieng panin Teddim Roada kan tlân phawt a, Mata khuoa inthawkin vawi tieng kan pêt a, vawi khat minute 5 bawr kan chawl ti chau naw chu, dîn takin  darkar khatah km 35-40 bawra hratin kan tlan char char a, zing 9:30 bawrin, S. Gelbung , Thimbung tlâng bulthut a khuo kan tlung hman. Lampui hi tung ruok a na, a lien nawha chu a tha a, minute 40 vel tlân hi lamlien tha pucca road vawng a na, minute 20 tlân bawr hi lamlien la siem zo lo, pil le lung vur tah, lamlien siem pawl haiin an siem mêk lai a nih. Lampui hi an hawi a, a thawveng a, khaw thlirna hmun inhawi tak tak a tam bawk a, hi ringawt khawm hi fe man a zuk um nghal. Amiruokchu, lampui hi a kawi a, an tung bawk leiin, fimkhur taka motor khal chu a tul.

Kan motor hai inthuta kan insiemfel zo hnung 9:40 AM bawrin, kein Thimbung  tlâng sîp panin kan inthawksuok a, chawhnung 12:40 PM chun tlâng sip tlungin thla kan inlak ham ham tah. Darkar 3 lai kan aw a ni chu. Amiruokchu, inhmaw lova hadam taka lawn kan n'a, kan sawl deu pha kan  chawl pei a, hmun mawi deuna le khaw thlîr inhawina deua hai chawlin thla kan lak pei bawk a, inhawi kan ti hle. Sûn 11:30 AM in, thing buk hliep hnuoi, hmun inhawi le thawveng deuah  kan bufûn kan thet a, bu le hme chi dang dang,  arsa le bu zeu pawl chicken fried rice an ti dam, arsa hlûmte zeu hmin chicken nuggets  an ti dam, arsa zeu tawl le artui zeu leh, ar sungkuo chu an kim thawk khat awm ie. Hi bakah changalhme le zawngta rawt a um bawk a, kan tlai ie! Darkar hni deu thaw tung lawn kan ni tah a, vawi khat sawl le phingtama  bufûn thet kan ni bawk,  kan bu lâk a tha hle. Kan bufun hai kan innâm tît. Zingkar bu ka fûn lai lungrilin “Pakhat fûn kep ka tih” tia bu fûn ka na, fûn kep ma lak lakah, ka bu fûn po ka tlâk thip. Ka ruolhai khawm chuong tho. Phaivâng chan ding  tak ngiel khawm kan hla naw a ni awm kha. An hawiin, Pathien zarin dam man a um ie!

Bu fa khawp lel lawla tlâng sîp pana kan hang insawm tung nawk chu lel a um ie! Tlâng sîp tlung tawm meter zahni vel lem hi chu, tung naran el ni lo, ten ti thei deu thaw a intung a na, kut ke le thang khawma,  hlo buk le hram buk dam man a, an hama  inhamkai kan ni deu tak. Amiruokchu, inhmaw lovin, damte’n, a zaiin kan intawl tung det det a, thuok lain kan chawl pei bawk a, kan lawn tana inthawk darkar thum an ri vêl charin, kan tum ram, Thimbung tlâng sîp kan tlung tah a nih. Tlâng sîp tak a hin zawl chite, kawl lalin a um a, a lo thawveng hle a, a lo insang ta bawk leiin thli a tam hle. Khaw thlîr a’n hawi a, Suo tieng, Tlâk tieng, le Sim le Hmar an daw tha hle vawng. Sim tieng panin Lên tlâng dung hai an inzam phei rui a, mitin a hmu thei bâk, kawlkawdawngah dum paw rieiin an inzui ral a, a mawi ti hin a hril suok zo nawh. Lên tlâng dung hril po leh, ka pa tawngbau ka hriet suok hlak. “Ei pi le puhai chun, ‘Lên tlâng dung hi a fe peia, Rengpa Ngameingam a tuolah uipui ruol bakin a tawp’ an ti hlak” tiin, innui seiin a hril hlak. Ei pi le pu hai kha, hun sawt tak Lên tlâng dunga lo khawsa an ni leiin, hi tlâng dung hi an lungrilah a lo inphum nghet chu a ni awm. Rengpa umna Imphal phairuom tieng pan, Lên tlâng dunga Saidan Tlângsâng khawm chiterek inbawk lalin, da rieiin an hmu phâk a, Tlâk tieng pangah Hriengkawt tlâng dung fie takin a’n lang a, Hmar thlang tiengah Teisieng tlâng dung paw dum ruia inzam pheiin Hriengkawt tlâng leh an infin a. Mawi tak an nih. Lungril a thawvengin a hadam rawng rawng el. Ei thlîr ei thlîr el. 

Tuithaphai ei ti hi, tlâng langsar pathum Thimbung tlâng, Hriengkawt tlâng, Teisieng tlâng le Saidan tlângsang hai huol khum sunga um a na, Thimbung tlâng sipa inthawk hin Tuithaphai hi, leidâr tiet chauin, fie kawngin a’n lang a. Hi sunga cheng hai hi ropui le thaw  thei vieuin inngai hlak inla khawm, tlângsang taka inthawka, râl khata ei zuk thlir hin, ieng maruo bar chu ei ni naw zie a sukchiengin ka hriet. Vân sânga inthawk thlirtu lem chun, phaivang hawnin pilvunga in an bawl ang chauin ami hmu el thei. Hi hmun chite sûnga, Zogam, Zalengam le Hmarram ti a, chan tha le chunghnung ni tuma, ei in unauna neka ei indangna chite la vûnga, inkhîk inkhal a, a kar po le insik ei la tum vet dam hi, thil awm lo le tul lo a va ni de aw! ti dam hi ngaituonaah a pieng naw thei nawh. Vân boruoka inzin hai hin, vân boruok hla taka inthawka, sana hmai tiet chauva ei chêngna Khawvel an hung hmu pha, an ngai dân nasa takin a’n thlâk danglam rum rum hlak a, hi hi overview effect  an tih. Mihriem vân boruoka inzin hmasa tak, communist pachal, Thlangram tieng khing le do tlat dinga communist ringna det taka tu nghet,  Yuri Gagarin (1934-1968) meu khawm, vân sanga inthawka Khawvel a hung thlîr zet chun, a ngaidân a danglam hne hle a ni awm “Khawvel hi hla taka inthawka ei hung thlîr chun, inkhinga indona  dingin a chîn taluo, inthuruol taka umna hmun khawp chau a nih” (Looking at the Earth from afar you realise that it is too small for conflict and just big enough for co-operation) a ti rum rum el. Thimbung tlâng sîp insâng taka inthawka ei chêngna  ei hung thlîr chun, hieng ang deu ngai dân hi a pieng ve rum rum el. Hi lei hi ni tak a tih, mithiem haiin a’n khât tawk a ramleng dam, tlâng kai dama insuk thawveng a tha an lo ti hlak hi. Tlâng sâng ropui le ram hring dup laia ei um châng hin, Siemtu le inhnaina chi khat  a umin ka hriet  ve hlak a, lungril a dam vawng vawngin ka hriet hlak bawk. Chu el bakah, thilsiem ropui le mawi tak hai hin Siemtu Pathien ropuizie an suklang a, tawng lovin lungril inthûk taka thu  an hril niin ka hriet hlak! Hi lei hin, kei khawm, kum khatah vawi khat bek, Pathien zara dam phawt chu, ramleng dam, tlâng kaia dâm fe ngei ka tum nasan chu.

Minit sawmli bawr tlâng sîp zawl, thawveng le inhawi takah, thla hai lah a, hadam a, kam cherek le theitui hai faa dawna  hun an hmang zo hnungin, tawngtaia lawmthu hrilin  chawhnung 1:20 bawrin, lung kim takin, Thimbung tlângsîp kan hung maksan tah a nih. Khawsak mivar hai ang deuin, kan kîr tieng hin lampui dang kan hung hraw a. Kan kai tieng khan Sim tienga inthawkin kan kai a, an kir tieng ruok hin chu Suo tieng kan kir thung a. Suo tieng tlâng pangpêr po po hi kâni rallienin nasa taka a hrawk a ni leiin, thingkung hrim hmu ding a um ta nawh, a kawl vawng a, hlo rimsie (hlo buong) le hlo hrâm ti bâk a um ta nawh. Thimbung tlâng sukhmingthangtu ve pakhat, Suo tieng tlâng thuta dîl khawm hmu ding a um ta nawh a, a kuong chu hmu theiin a la um. Tui lo indîlna hlak a nih ti chu a la’n hriet thei. India hnam pa ti a ko, Mahatma Gandhi (1869-1948) in “Khawvel hin mi tin mamaw le tul chu a phuhrûk thei, mi tin duamna chu ni lovin” a ti dâm lungrilah an lang rum rum el. Hranghlui hai an lo ram vachalna, ram ngawpui thimbung ni hlak kha, mihriem duamna leiin ti inla a’n khel ring a um naw tak, tuhin chu ram kawl, ram tawl, ram châr hmang tlak lo deu thawin a'n chang tah a nih. Hieng thil neu neu hi lungrila pai zing pumin, Tuithaphaia tlâng hmingthang kan kai thei lungrila lawm si, ki danga lungril na siin, Thimbung tlâng hi kan hung maksan tah a nih.

Thu kharna dinga ka hril nuom chu hihi a nih, ei rama thing le ruo hai, zu le va hai, ramsa le nga hai hi, ei thei ang angin humhal ei tiu. A ram lei lung, sik le sa, zu le va, thing le ruo,  sa le nga  hai le mihriem hai nun hi inthe thei lova, Siemtu Pathienin, a ting mat tlat a nih. “Vân khuphnuoia thil tum tin reng ta dingin hun a um” ti angin, iengkim hin hun chu an nei. Thing phûr tul hun khawm um  a ta, nga man hun khawm um a ta, sa kâp tul châng khawm um mei a tih. Amiruokchu, a suon mawng rorêl zawnga thaw lovin, thilsiem hai hi duottaka humhala, ei ram leilung sukhringtu le hausakna a ni ti hrezing a, var le thiem tak a enkawl chu ei mawphurna a nih. Hi hi Pathien thupek khawm a ni hrim a (Gen 1:28), ei thaw ding mâkmaw a nih.

Sielmat

Tuithaphai

Tuolbuol 11, 2023

Tribal Nina le Meitei Hnam (Scheduled Tribe Status & Meiteis)

~ Dr. John H Pulamte

 Thuhmatawng:

Tulaia Manipur phairuoma phaimi le tlángmihai laia titina le insêlna suktamtu le trongki insáng chen inhmang khumna chu Meitei haiin traibal nina (scheduled tribe status) an ngênna thu a nih. Hi thu hi ‘a tirin thu a um’ a’nthok êma tran naw khomin a bul deu meta tran trûla a’nlang leiin hang pur inthûk met ei tih.

An hnam chanchin hluihai a’nthoka hriet dân chun Meiteihai hi pahnam 7 (pasari) – Mangang, Luwang, Khuman, Angom, Moirang, Chenglei/Sarangleisangthem le Kha-Nganba haia inthoka hung suok le, Isu pieng hma deia tuta an umna ram lo del tah an nih. An chanchin hluihai inziekna ‘royal chronicle’, anni’n ‘Cheitharol Kumbaba’ an ti a chun mumal taka lal, lalram le a roreltu neia an um tranna chu AD 33 kum ni’n an ziek a; an lalram ‘Ningthouja dynasty’ indin hmasataktu khom Pakhangba niin chu lalram chun an 1955 chen a aw.

Mihriem nunphung pangngai zuia lalram nei chauh nilovin khawvel hnam ropui hmasahai angin anni hawrop ngei nei an nia, kum zabi 6-na laia an poisa thir, anni hawrop ngeia insut le an lungdaw hai tulai hnaia hmusuok a nih. An hawrop (Meitei Mayek) hi hawrop danghai laka a danglam bîk rieuna chu a thumal tinhai hi mihriem taksa pêng/bung hming an ni tlat hi a nih. Hriet mei mei din; an hawrop hmasatak parukhai chu – ‘kok’ (lu), ‘sam’ (sam), ‘lai’ (bawk), ‘mit’ (mit), ‘pa’ (mithmul), ‘na’ (nakawr) an nih. 1992 khan Meitei trong (Manipuri) chu India danpui Schedule 8 naa hnam le trong lien le inlâr 22 sorkarin a hrietpuihai laia inthrangtir niin a ram pumpuia sorkar sin insangtak le mitin inhnar, ‘IAS exam’ khom Meitei tronga pêk thei a ni phaa, hmathrana chuongchuong a nih. Tuhin, Meitei trong hi India poisa note-a inchuon dinga buoipui mêk niin a hmalatu ding bîk khom sorkarin mi dande a nei nia hril a nih.

An hnam làm threnkhat, Khamba-Thoibi dance, Rasleela, Pung Cholon hai hi khawvel hrieta inlár le mi hlutsak an tling a; lemchang (drama) khawvelah mi hmakhal niin an ‘Shumang Leela’ ngat lem hi chu khawvel ngainat niin an trong khom trong hlui le hlú laia tiem mêk a ni bok. Inkhêlna tieng India chauh ni lovin khawvel an déng phâk a, Manipur hi ‘sports powerhouse’ ti hiel a nih. Sakor chungchuonga milien-milalhai inkhêlna ‘Polo’ hi an tienlai Meitei lalhai tran le hmusuok a ni bok. India sorkar laipuiin a ram pumpuia ‘Sports Univesity’ hmasatak Manipur-a a’ndin le ‘Cultural University’ a pêk hi thil awm hlie hlie a nih.

Manipur phairuom hi eini rawiin, ‘bawngnene le khuoizu luongna ram’ tia ei hriet nêkin a hnienghnar lem hiel naw di’m a nih. Anni khomin ‘sanaleibak’ (rangkachak ram) an ti ve tho a ni uo. A ram hi a hnuoi a thraa, bu le balah a hnienghnar hle. Sakhuo la ursun le inhnikmi tak an ni bok lei mani ding inser le kût (festival) an hau èm ém a; thina lusûn an tuok le, nuhmei-pasal an innei pha hlak thla chenve deuthaw an nitin sin pangngai maksanin umni an khâm hlak. Hindu sakhuo le inkungkai ni le hunpui po po an inser a, an ni nêk hman hmanin an uor lem ti thei di’n a um. Rong an intheni, ‘holi’ dâm hi a neitu hmasahaiin ni khat ngawi an inser lai anni chun ‘yaoshang’ tia kovin ni 5 sung veng vong an inser. An ‘Laiharaoba’ lem hi chu a thla tèl a aw hlak. Hi hin a hril chu - sin thaw ngailoa bu le hme fâk ding an tlasam naw zie a suklang. Eini chu a teuin a hnai nawh; khristien ei ni hma lem khan chu Pathienni (chawlni) a um nawh; nitin ku kha sinthawni vong niin mani inluma um loa an lo haia an riek zân a tam. Sikpui Ruoi takngiel khom bu le bâl an hnienghnar kum naw chun an hmang ngai nawh.

Manipur le Meitei chanchin hril nikhuoa hmai ruollo chu anni laia chêng le an trong inangpui Pangal (Muslim) hai hi an nih. A hming hi ‘Bangla/Bangal’ ti a’nthoka suok a ni awm. Annihai hi kum zabi sawmpasarina bul laia Meitei lalnau (prince) pakhatin Cachar lal kuoma inthoka a unaupa lalthungphaa inthrung lai zing phetthlakpuitu dinga a hnisuok le Manipur phairuoma a thruoi luthai thlasawng peihai an nih. Tulai hnaia hunghai ruok hi chu Bangladesh tieng a’nthoka damte tea a rûk-a-râla hung intawllût nia hriet an ni tak. 2011 intiempui khan mihriem 2,39,886 bawr an ni phak a, Manipur pumpuiah zaah pariet chuong niin hnam inthrethrawpnaah OBC hnuoia umin, Manipur-a sorkar le sorkar hrietpui ofis haia sin lâkna le inchûkna hmunpuia ‘admission’ a hai, zaah pali pei chu an chan dinga sie a nih.

Kum 1717 chawhma lai khan tuta Bangladesh ni tah, Sylhet Hindu puithiem Shantidas Gosai chun Meitei reng (lal) Pamheiba chu a sakhuo hlui (Sanmahi) inhnawltirin Hindu sakhuoah a’nlet tir thruoi. A dawihla pakhat a chun Manipur chu Mahabharata ram niin Arjuna naupa Babruvahana chu Meitei lal hmasatak Pakhangba pa niin a hril pêk a; ama, Pamheiba khom chu hming thar, Garib Niwas (pasie le riengvanghai sandamtu) a phuok pèk nghe nghe. A khuo le tui, a sakhuo thar zawm nuom nawhai chu hnam chom le inthiengnawa puongin khuo a’nthok a hnotsuok tawl a; a hnungah Meitei hnam lai ‘scheduled caste’ an hung um pha.

Shantidas chun an simbudawi peia, a sakhuo thar inthranglien le ama mimal ropui zuol peina ding sukthruonawptu lientak chu an Meitei sakhuo hlui lekhabu le hawrop nia intumin an hnam le an lalhai inthlasawng pei dân chanchin inziekna, thiemna le varna le hriselnahai inziekna lekhabu hai a dawlkhawma meiin a raw hawp vong nghe nghe. Chu thil poi tlung ni, Changer (October) 5, 1732 chu ‘puya mei thaba’ tia kovin tu chen hin ursun le lungsi taka inser pawl an um. An hawrop hlui hnawlin Bengali hawrop a hmangpui a; chu hawrop chu upa tieng deuhaiin ‘sari aw, sari a; kaw khaw gaw’ ti’n hrieng an tih. Kum 2006 khan mipui norna leiin Bengali hawrop chu bânin an hawrop hlui ma, ‘Meitei Mayek’ chu skul naupang pawl 3-hai a’nthoka tranin an inchûk tran nawk chauh a nih. Puitling ta hnunghaiin zuk inchuk ve nawk nghal a thei naw leiin ‘local newspaper’ hai lem chu tu chen hin ‘Bengalee Script’ hmanga insuo an la ni a; 2023 a’nthok chu anni hawrop ngei hi an hmang ve ta el thei.

Hindua sa an phuna inthok chun lalsungkuo le an thlahai chu Raj Kumar hming an put tran a, puithiem hnamhai lai ‘sharma’ tia inko pawl an um tran bok. Chu hun lai vek a’nthok chun pasal hmingah ‘Singh’ an bel a; an nuhmeihai hmingah ‘Devi’ an bel bok. An sakhuo hlui, la ngaina le zuihai ruok chun hi hming hi an hmang ve nawh a; pasalhaiin an hming khelah ‘Meitei’ an sie el naw khoma an pahnam hming an sie a; nuhmeihaiin ‘Chanu’ an sie tlangpui. A hmaa an mithihai phûm hlakhai khan an hung inraw tran a. Lal Garibniwaz lem chun a piengna pa le a thlatu hmasahai thlàna an luru le a dang lâk theihai chu phûm anni a’nthoka kum 16 hnungah cho dokin Ningthi (Chindwin) vadung pangah Hindu sakhuo ser-le-sang zuiin ursûn mangkhengin meiin a la raw ngat a nih. An fâk le dawn siem dânhai le fâk ser chen an hung thlàk danglam a. Hindu danghai angin bawngsa fâk an hung khap a; a faluihai nataka hrem an ni pei.

Hi hun a’nthok hin Meitei lai chi le chi inthlierhranna lientak a pieng a, Hinduhai angin ‘caste system’ um hung nei ve a; thumal thar, ‘amang-asheng’ (a thienghlim le porche) a um pha bok. An pathien in (Temple) a chun puithiem hnam Brahmin (Bamon) naw lut a thieng ta nawh a; an sakhuo puithiem thar a tamlemhai hlak chu anni mi le a ram mi rèng ni lovin, puo tieng a’nthoka hunga Meitei saphun dàm an la ni nawk nghal. Chuong lai zing chun Meitei le Bengali kara hnam chethla, Bishnupriya hai Assam, Tripura le Bangladesh tieng a’nthok a honpui deuin an hung chimthla ve nawk bok leiin an inziet naw nuoi tah. A hma po tlangmi, abikin Tangkhul le Mirawng hnamhai le insirpawa nuhmei-pasal chen innneipaw hlakhai kha daidanna lientak a hung um a, an sunzom ta meu nawh. Meitei (phaimi) pasalin tlangmi nuhmeia a nei chun, insukthiengna khir le buoithlak em em a thaw a ngai tah. Chu ser le sang laia pakhat chu bawng zun le a êk tui le chokpol dawn annaw khoma puithiem pasal ke sawpna tuithli dawn a nih. A turu.

Manipur histawria hun inchikthlak nawk em em chu 1819 - 1826 sûnga tlung, anni tronga ‘Chahi Taret Khunthakpa’ (kum sari sûng rinumna) a nih. Hi hun hi Burma lal Bagbidaw in lalthrungpha a hluo kuma Manipur hung rûna a hneban leia kum 7 sûng zet a opde lài hun a nih. Hril ruolloin a suk rimsi a, mihriem nuoi 5 chuong suotramin nuoi 3 chuong an ram tieng sala a thruoi thu hril a nih. Chuong hun laia an lal, Marjit chu baklengin Cachar tieng a tlanhmang hman hrâm. Chu laia Cachar lal chu a piengpui, a sangpa Gambhir Singh a lo ni hlauh leiin British hai an inpun a, Saphai hlakin harsa lo te’n an Burmese-hai chu an hnotdok ang loi si. Inremna thuthlung, ‘Treaty of Yandabo 1826’ le 1833-a East India Company le Manipur inremna chun Jiribam biel le a sak tienga Zonauhai chengna ram lientak chu a mi chenghai remtina laa rawn der hran lovin Manipur-ah a rînlut a nih.

Hieng lai hun a’nthok hin British roreltu le sipaihai chu Manipur renghai inlalna le rorelna a hai damte te’n anni tranghma siel pumin an inrol tran a. Zonauhai chanchina mellung poimaw, 1871-72 kuma thil tlung, ‘Lushai Expedition’ hmasalem khom khan Manipur sim-sak tienga Kamhau-Sukte lalhai tukdawl dingin British sipai hotu WF Nuthall inrawina hnuoiah Manipur reng Chandrakirti Singh khom sipai 2000 ruol thruoiin Burma ramri bul chen a tlung a ni kha. Hi truma rengpa ramsuok hin ‘chuhai-khahai a hne’n a tukdawl’ ti hril ding a um nawh; a kîr tieng Guite lalropui Gokhothang chu zaihlemna thrangin a man thu le Imphal chen khaidiet inbuntira a thruoi thu le a thi chen lunginah a khum thu ruok chun hril a hlaw vieu. Tulai hnaia Manipur sorkarin Chandrakirti sulhnung hmutheia a lo la umna, Chivu (chituikhur) hmuna rengpa hming chawia ‘park’ a siem chu unau Paite-Zomi hnam lai a lawmnaw pawl an um.

1890-91 khan rêng sungkuo laia lalthrungpha inchuna leiin buoina lien a suok a; a threthrawp dinga Assam a’nthoka hung British sorkar hotu lien nunrawng taka that a nih. Kumpinu sorkar le Manipur an indo pha a, April 23, 1891 in Khongjom indonaah Meitei lal a tlawm a, Manipur pumpui chu British opdena hnuoiah a um ta khong khong. 1947-a India an suoksan hnung sawtnawteah thawluina thrangin Manipur reng nuhnungtak le India sorkar aiaw chun Shillong hmunah ‘Merger Agreement’ an ziek a, chu dungzui chun Changer (October) 15, 1949 a'nthok Manipur chu India Union hnuoiah a lût. Hi inremna hi pom loa ‘independent’ la suol pawl le Changer 15 hi kum tin ‘Black Day’ tia inser pawl tu chen hin an la um.

British haiin Manipur an op lai khan phairam chu state Durbar hnuoia enkai niin tlangram chu a hran lieuin sap pachal (Political Agent) ngeiin dairekin a enkai bik a nih. Phairam le tlangram angkhata ro relpek le enkai a ni ngai nawh. 1949 a’nthoka 1972-a full statehood a hmu hma po le Union Territory anga a um lai khom khan Hill Minister reng bakah Commissioner pangngai neka insang, ‘Hill Commissioner’ in a enkai. Statehood a hmu tawmin Parliament meuin Manipur Autonomous District Council hi a rel a ni a; Manipur tlangram bîk lieu lieua dingin a ram danpui (Constitution)-ah Article hran, 371(C) inchuon khom a nih.

Traibal nina chu:

India’n zalenna tluontling a hmu hlim laia danpui (constitution) thar an buoipuia an hmang hlim lai khan Meitei hai hin traibal (scheduled tribe) ni lo thlanghai sien chu ni ngei ding ngirhmuna um an nih. Manipur ang thoa ‘princely state’ Hindu sakhuoa insunglût ve tho le anni neka pil inthûk, Tripuraa mihai hman an ni chun. An lo ni naw kha tuta nihai vangneina a ni’l. Chuong ang ‘golden chance’ chu 1981 lai khom khan an hmu nawk; chu khom chu hnam chunghnung an nina hrie kurin le an hmusit le siehnuoi traibal, hmusitna trongbaua,‘Hao’ an tihai le thuhmun hang ni nawk chu thi rina an rin lei ni mei a ta, an hnawl nawk. 1990 tung lai khan Mandal Commission rotna dungzuiin ‘Other Backward Classes (OBC)’ anga central le state-a zieklut chu an nih. OBC hai hin ‘All India level’ (India pumpui-ah) ‘27 percent’ le Manipur-ah ‘17 percent reservation’ an nei a; Manipur bîka ‘17 percent’ an’thoka ‘23 percent’ nawk (hril dàn dangah, zaah 17 a’nthoka 4 pei) chu Meitei-Pangal (Muslim) hai chan dinga hlepthlak pêk nawk a nih. ST haiin India pumpui-ah ‘7.5 percent’ le Manipur-ah ‘31 percent reservation’ ei nei a; SC hai India pumpui-ah ‘15 percent’ le Manipur-ah ‘2 percent’ sie pek an ni ve thung. OBC a hin ‘creamy layer’ tiin an nu le pahai kumkhat sum lamsuok cheng nuoi 8 a tling chun inhuomtir thei an ni naw leiin Manipur-a Meitei chu a thren ‘General’, a thren ‘OBC’, a thren ‘SC’-ah an um.

Traibal lo ni ta lo, Meitei, traibal ni thar dinga langchang taka norna hi 2012 khan Scheduled Tribe Demand Committee (STDCM) hming chawia hma lak thar a ni a. A tir chun sorkar thuneitu le khawpui mihaiin an nuisaw titia chu a hnungthuoltu le kong iengkima an kaiza vengtuhai zàrin hma an sawn hrât hle. Kum 2015-a Manipur phairama ‘ILP movement’ le tlangram, abîkin Churachandpur-a ‘3 Bills buoina’ kha hi thil le intringmata ngai thei a nih. India Prime Minister kuoma hnina an siem fepeiin Union Tribal Affairs Ministry chun Manipur chu, ‘Meitei hnamhai khawtlang nun, fak le dawn ngirhmun’ ripawt kimchang pe dingin a hung ngêna chu tu chen hin a la don lêt nawh. Tuta STDCM hai ngên le phût tak chu ‘hi donna hi Manipur-in pe phot raw se’ ti a nih. A khêl tienga an hmalak sunzom pei dàn ding hrietna ding ni bokin.

Meiteihai hi hnam pui, a mi le rama sorkar kuthnung lo tamna, sum le paia mani tawka intodel tak le anni trong le hawrop ngeia lekha lo inchûk an ni lei ni ngei a ta, thiemna le varna tieng tlangmihai le tekhi ruol an ni nawh. Sierkop, hrietnavar, kut themthiemna le hriselna tieng hi an chemfena zawng nisien a ang. Tulai hnaia MBBS/BDS inchûk thei dinghai (NEET-UG) exama khan Manipur bîka ‘top 100’ ah tlangmi pakhat khom an um nawh; 200 chena 8 an uma; 300 chena 24 an um trawk. India hmarsaka tlangmi ‘Superspecialist Doctor’ um po po hi Meiteihai zatve-zatve tling kher nawng ei tih. Hi hin thil tamtak a hril. Tlawmin ‘social sciences’ le ‘civil service’ tieng an bàksam meta chu hma an sawn hrât hle; kum tin All India Services ekzam-a inziekkai pahni-pathum bêk an um zie tah. An lo tam tham deu ta leia inkeibum mumal thei ta lo an ni lei mani ding a hnam pum huopa pawl lien bîk ti thei ruok chu an nei nawh. Manipur pumpui huopa Inchuklai Pawl anga insâl pali-panga an um a; thralaipawl le ‘youth club’ po po inzomkhawmna anga ngai kutpara tiem khop an nei. STDCM hmalakna khom a hman hmanin pawl hming ropui tak tak phuokin an thlop thu an puong insawk a ni tak.

A kakhawk thei ding:

State puitling neitu le chalaitu an ni meu leiin ditsaktu le thrangpui nuomtu an um ngei ding baka thuhne thei ding an nei ngei ding a chieng sa; an beisei le duthusam hi hung hmu thut elhai sien a kakhawk ding hi buoipui tham a ni ding. Manipur state sunga ‘recruitment’ le ‘admission’ haiah chu Assam thaw dan angin ST (plain) le ST (hills) zawnga thre thei nîng a ta; a buoi taluo naw el thei. Anachu, India pumpui thil a ni pha chu tuta traibal ni lai zinghai ta dingin nuizat um kher naw nia; trapna bang zût el thei an tih. General/OBC an ni hmana hnam lien le chunghnunghai le inela hieng chen an tlung thei chun, ST chanvo le hamthratna (concession) thrang chun duoi naw nihai. Tutaka ST hai laia chunghnung le ST chan ding po po lai a zatve deuthaw hluotu Rajasthana Meena hnamhai nèkin an insang lem ring a um. Meiteihai ST an hung ni ve chun Manipura lo ni tasahai chauhin thawhla lovin India ram pumpuia ST haiin an thawhla ding tina a ni chu.

Meitei traibal an ni theina dinga phusa le hmalatu haiin a tira an ip trit tret, tu tieng tienga hung inlang tran pheu pheu ruok chu sorkar sin le inchûkna hmun insânga traibal chanvo ni lovin hmun le ram (land) dei a nih. Manipur pumpui zaah-sawmkuo hi tlangrama tlangmihai ta a ni a; zaah sawm chauh chu a ram neitu anga inngaihai ram a nih; chutaka chun Tuibangpui (Loktak Lake) le dûm le tui hmun danghai, tlángbawk nek nek le sorkar hmunpui lienhai hang pei chun ieng ruol rak chu a ni ta naw hrim a nih. Tlangmihaiin phairmaah hmun ei dit le neiin a zo ang ang neia ei hluo thei lai anni’n tlangramah an nei ve thei nawh. Traibal an hung ni chun chu indaidanna chu damte tea thriek a ni ding a nih. A chu a ni mi’n an hril.

Chuong lai zing chun, nitin a za têla state dang a’nthoka vai hung lûthai hi hawphurum tham an ni nawk a. Rêl lampui bawl zo mék a ni taa, zo a nia a hung lût tak tak pha chu puotieng a’nthok mihriem a hung phurlût sa ngei awm si a. Inner Line Permit (ILP) hin umzie a nei tak tak nawh a; nei thut chuong naw nih. Delhia roreltuhai dit khom a ni nawh. Hnam khat, nunphung khat khêlah ‘sakhuo pakhat’ changchawi nuomtuhai duoimadim an ni nawh.

Traibal ni tuma thapui takmeu insuo le hlawtling ngei tuma beipui an thlàk zing laia an lungkham rûk le ngaituosa lo theilo chu ‘ST ni chie ding nihai sien’, tuta an Meitei SC hai ngirhmun ding, an thruoilut ve ding am an umna ngaiah an um ding ti a nih. An hnawl le hnotsuokhai hnuoia an um nawk dàn a um tlat. An lalsungkuo hnam, ‘Raj Kumar’ le Bramin (Bamon) khom ST an hung ni chie chun India rampuma Hindu sakhuo zuituhai inthrethrawp dan le ‘caste system’ a hung nghong ngei bok ding. Anni Meitei chu thuhran a la nih; Meitei-Pangalhai ngirhmun ding mol hi a nih ngaituo um ding. Tuta OBC-a an um khawm hman hin an chan siet bîk taluo thu inzawta nuorinpheng zing an ni nakalai an chunga um, Meiteihai ST hung nia anni OBC an ni sunzom chun khawsaknaa harsa le domsang hmasa trulhai hrietfuklo le maksan an ni ding niawm a na leh!

A ieng po khom nisien, dân pangngai anga hi thua thuneina insáng nei chu New Delhia ‘Ministry of Home Affairs’, ‘Registrar General of India’ le ‘National Commision for ST’ hai an nih. A hmasa pahnihai nèkin a nuhnungtak hi ST hai ta dinga thrangkhaw bîk dinga ngai a ni leiin palthleng chu a khir met el thei. Sienkhom, iengkim hi pawlitiks vong a nih; tulai taka India insorkarnaa thuneitu tak le thuneitu tak dothai kutpar voikhat hmetpuokin thu a hril rawnin a hril naw thei taluo. ST ni theina ding ‘dân le dûn’ induonga um hieng - hnam hnufuolhai zie nei; nunphung danglam bik rieu nei; hmun khawlbinga um; mi dang le insirpaw lo le, taksa khawsakna le fak le dawn zongna tieng hnufuol tihai hi chu a zieka um dang a um naw leia um zing mei mei an nina chin a um. Inhumhimna bang ngheta ngai chi ni naw nih. A hrilfietu le hril dan izir khom a ni thei a, a detindo nawh. Mak danglam deuin Meitei pahnam hminghai hi an lalsungkuo hnam RK (Raj Kumar) ti lo chu ‘M’ in a tawp deu vong chu tie. Entirna tlawmte chauh - Athokpam, Brachaspatimayum, Chongtham, Elangbam, Ngangom, Irengbam, Moirangthem, Nongthombam, Okram, Paonam, Sapam, Thangjam, Utam, Wahengbam, Yumnam le a dang dang. Hi hi ST ni theina dinga kraiteria (criteria) pakhat sukdikna chun hmang naw awm tak an nih.

National Games Village, Imphal

December 5, 2022

(Hi thusep ziek hi thil inhoi chie chu a ni nawh; mi poi hrilna thei a nih. Poimaw tina rieu ka nei leiin ka hung pu ve chot el a nih. Vantirkohai fe ngam nawnaah miinvethai an lengpar ang chu ni awm naw tak ka na - JP)

Hnam Inlusu

~ JS Khobung

"A thought once awakened does not again slumber" -Thomas  Carlyle.

Inlusu chu har fîm lo a ni leiin thil ri amanih, keihartu um lo chun ama khâtin a har el thei nawh a. A hung har hnung khawmin inlusu ni chu a’n zak a, inlusu naw ni awmtakin a um hlak a. Chu chu ‘lemchang nun’ a nih

Hmar hnam hi inlusu ngirhmuna umin, ṭhanghar el lovin a inlusu zui pei niin a’n lang a. Inlusu nia a’n langna point ṭhenkhat chu a hnuoia hai hi a nih.

1.  ṬAWNG THUAH:

“Ṭawng hi hnam a na, hnam hi ṭawng a nih” an lo ti hlak. Mani hnam ṭawng chu a mawi am, a mawi naw am; ngâinat le humhal chu a ṭawng neitu mawphurna a nih. Sienkhawm, ngâisâng nêkin, hnam danghai lâi inzapuiin ei thlauthlâk lem.

Mi hmasahaiin khawvêl sakhuo mâksanin Kristien sakhuo an lo pawm a, Pathien thu an lo awi tah. Krista sandamna Chanchin Ṭha hi Lushai Hills-a inthawka ei dawng sâwng a na; thu le hla hrim hrim kha Lusei ṭawng a lo ni bawk leiin vawisûnni chen hin Lusei ṭawng (tuta ‘Mizo ṭawng’ an ti tah) hin a mi lo chîm hne hle a. Mani ṭawnga hlaphuok le sak chen kha thei lo ngirhmunah a um a. Vaikhawhnung- mani ṭawnga Chanchin Ṭha Johan bumal tiem ding ei nei hnung khan ei chang a par ṭan chau a nih. Sienkhawm , mani ṭawng nêka ngaisâng lem le sapṭawng ngainata ngaina pâwl ei bo nawh.

Ṭawng hi humhal lo chun a thi thei a. Khawvel ṭawng tamtak a lo thi ta hrim a nih. Humhal ding chun ei insûngah bul ṭana hmang a pawimaw. Chu zovah ruol le inpâwlnahai, office le dâwrhmunah, khawtlânga le kohranah sunzawm pei a ṭûl hle. Chu chu inlusûk puma thaw thei a ni nawh. Ei inlusu sûng chu ei ṭawng hin hma sawn naw nih a; hun sawtah damkhawsuok thei naw nih.

2. NIPHUNG INHMANG:

Hnam tinin niphung- kalchar & aidentiti an nei seng. Hmar hnam hi Mongoloid thla, ei ṭawng khawm Tibeto-Burman ṭawng kaupeng laia mi niin, ei tlângmi chanpuihai leh ei niphung inang tamtak a um a. Sienkhawm, tlawmtea danglamna an nei seng angin, Hmar khawm hin danglamna ei nei ve.

Tlângmi ṭhenkhat hai, abîkin, ‘Sinlungsuok zohnathlâk’ intihai le hin ei niphung inangna tamtak a um a. Ei inhnâipui zuol hieng- Lusei (Mizo), Thado (Kuki), Paite, Zou, Lai, Chin, etc. hai le ei inhranna / danglamnalem chu hnam danghai chun an hmu ngâi nawh. Sakhaw biek dân, inchei dân, lohma nei dân, in bâwl dân, nuhmei-pasal innei thuah, lâwmna le mithi sawngbâwl dân le a dang danghaiah sûlkhat-suok, unau inhnai tak ei lo ni ngei el. 

Hun hung fe peiin, ei niphung ṭhenkhat ei inthlazal a, ngaisak lovin ei um pei. Kristien sakhuo ei zui hnung lem hin chu ei niphung- kalchar le aidentiti tamtak chu tisa thil le, kristien sakhuo le inkal anga ngâiin hnâwl, namthlûk le hre hmang an lo ni tah. Hnam bîk festival le cultural troupe ang zâwnga fiel ei lo ni a, ‘hnam lâm’ inentir huna hai hin ‘Fahrel tawk lâm’ (bamboo dance) bâk hi ei pholang kher ngâi ta nawh. Ei hnam lâm dang dang hai khawm hi pholang vêng ei tiu. 

Ei niphunghai (kalchar le aidentiti ) humhal lova ei um zing chun hnam dangin mi lakpêk / mi’n chupêk an tih ti inlâu a um hle.  (Hmar puon ṭhenkhat an mi’n chupui mêk hih).

3. INTHURUOLNA THUAH:

Vânkhuphnuoia mihriem tukhawm inthuruol lo sûngkuo le hnam chu hlawtling, entawn tlâk  le ngîr suok an um ngai nawh.

Ei hnam ṭhuoituhai chau dem nâwm ei niu; a tukhawm hi inthuruolna thuah a thu chauva hretu, a takrama ruok chu a kaltu  le inthuruolna hluotu ei ni nuom vieu.

Hnam inthuruol ni chu a ṭhatzie ei hriet hle. Amiruokchu mi dang thaw ding chauvin ei dit a; eini ruok chu chier le indem ri naw chu hriet ding a vâng. 

Hnam damkhawsuokna ding thilah inthuruol nachâng hrie hrie an dingchang pei a. Eini le eini ei insekhêk sûng hin mi hnamhaiin va râl an mi kâi san mêk zing !

4. DUTHUSÂMNA TUKVER:

Duthusâm nei lo mihriem chu mithi ang a nih. Hausa le rethei inkâr hla hle sienkhawm, hausa le retheihai khawmin chantâwk le mani hun tawng ang peia duthu sâmin, ei ni phâk lo le nei zo lo ding thila khawm duthu ei sâm hlak a. Ei duthusâm ei hmu le hmu naw chu thu dang ni sien la, in ropui le ngâidi inchung, zân huna arasi tiem malama zâlhmun remtu khawmin duthu tinrêng ei sâm châng, zân-mang tieng chen a mi zui hlak. Ei duthusâm ram thlîr chu inlang ruon ruona hmu châng a um a, chuong huna chun ei hlim a,. Duthusâmna mitthla chun chu rama chun a mi lo ṭhuoi hlak.

Sienkhawm duthusâm chau a ni leiin a tak ram le hrilkhi chi an nawh a; duthusâmna tukvera inthawka thlîr chau a ni leiin a puitlingna ding chun hmabâk thaw ding tamtak a la'n tlar khup a nih.

Hmar hnam hi duthusâmna tukvera ei hmu ren ruon ang hin hang um takluo inla chu aw! Hnam tlâwmte ni inlakhawm chîntak naw tawp ei tih.

Ei pahnam bing ei inhnik seng ang hin Hmar hnam pumpui ta dinga hmathlîr neiin, hnam ta dingin hma hang la inla, pahnam kaupêng tinhai le hin lungril inpawtakin hang um inla, unau kâra inhrietthiemnawna dâm, unau hnam khat ei nina, tlatna muol dang lei le, pahnam ṭawng hran nei leia mi dang anga inngâina neu neu hai dâm hi hang bi chieng inla, hnam ta dingin a va hlâwk âwm ngei ! Duthusâmna tukver a'nthawka hril insâwk chau thaw hi bânin, ei thaw thei ding hai bituk (target) siem ei tiu. Chu chun ei hnam inpumkhatna dinga duthusâmna tukvera ram thlîr chu a ṭhen-a zâr bêk takramah inchangtir ngêi a tih.

5. HMALÂK DÂN DING (YEAR PLAN & PROJECT) SIEM EI TIU:

Hmar hnam huop pâwl lien ak tak hieng- Hmar Inpui, HSA, HYA, HWA, HKI le a dang dang hai bâkah India khawpui tamtaka mi keiṭhuoitu Hmar Welfare Association-hai hin kum khat sûnga ding ‘Year Plan & Project’ an nei seng ring a um. 

Hieng pâwl lien bîkhai lai hin Hmar Inpui (HSA le HYA khawmin mawphurna lientak an nei) hi an hmadawm a lien hle a; hnam aiaw, nu le pa chan chang an ni leiin an sâwl hle a. Hrisêlna le varnaa inthuom dingin ṭawngṭâipui an mamaw hle. 

Tienlai ei pi le puhai khan ‘Pâm Rorêl’ / Kum Bul Rorêl neiin, umni khâma ruoiṭhein kum thara an lo neina ding muol, chu zâu vât dân ding, an khawtlâng inṭhuoi dân ding, iengkima  hmalâk dân ding fel tâwk tak (Year Plan & Project)  neiin, ro an lo rêl hlak.

Hmar hnam sûnga nu le pa chan chang pâwlhai hin, ei hnam pumpui ngirhmun en peiin plan & project nei pei raw hai se. Hmar pahnam ṭhenkhat hi state dang dangah indar nuoia um ei ni tâwl leiin ei so inphu them zing a, ngâituona fîm le lung in-uoi tak neia rorêl a va pawimaw ngei de.

Kristien sakhuo ei zui ta hnung hin, Pathienin thu le hlaah Hmar hnam hi unau hnam danghai chungah A mi'n chuongtir bîk ni'n a’n lang. Chu dungzui peiin, ‘Chanchin Ṭha mansapui bângna’ ei inti hiel hlak hrim a. Mithiem tamtak sawrkar sin mâksana Chanchin Ṭha meiser sit a, damsûng hun hmang ral  rawngbâwltu tiem khawp ei lo um nghe nghe. 

Sienkhawm, a mak chu hi hi a nih. Kristienna le kohran pâwla hring vieu si, hnam thua chieng lo; hnam thu hril chu Pathien thu le inkal ang hiela ngaituhai hi an nih. Ei pastor hmasahaiin ei lungrila ‘chi’ (seed) an mi lo tupêk, ei thlâk danglam el thei ta lo chu, Ram le hnam le politics-a hring chu tisa mi, vânram kai lo ding ti ngâidân hi a nih.

Tripura-a hin Hmar kohran iemani zâtin rawngbâwlna mission field an nei tâwl a. Year Plan & Project ṭha tâwk tak an nei seng a, thawktu khawm Hmar ṭawng hmang thei ngat an nih. Kohran pâwl tin thiltum inang tlânglâwn, langsâr deu chu ringthar lâklût ni tlângpui mei a tih. Ei Hmar hnam chanpui unau- Kaipeng, Chawrai / Chorei, Muolṭhuom (Molsom), Bawng, Bawngcher, Darlong, Halam, Hrangkhawl, Ranglong, Sakachep, etc. an tam ve a; ei Hmar history-a chun Hmar pahnam indik tak vawng an nih. Plan le project fel tâwk tak neiin hma la inla, ei thu le hlapui ding chu, ‘Hmar hnathlâk, unau suopui hnam / pahnamhai kâra ringnaa le hnama inlaichinna le inunâuna ṭha lem siem’ ni sien la; vawisunni hin intum suok nuom an um kher ring a um naw ngêi.

Ringnawtuhai ringnaah ei lâklût a, an piengthar kha vân hlâwkna a nih a, vân mipui an lâwm angin, hnama inchiengtir le a hnama piengtharna kha hnam hlâwkna, ei hnam lawmna a ni ve a. Chu chu Pathien ditnaw zâwng a ni chuong dim a ni! ? Ni love ! Pa Pathien lâwm a ta; hnam khawm lâwm hlêng a tih. Chun, hnam pakhat ni dinga siem, umna’n a zir naw leia unau indar tahai inhmusuok le inzawngsuok chu a suolna um naw nih. Naupa tlânhmang chanchin a'nthawk khawm khan a chieng hle a nih.

BAWZUI NGHÂL DINGA ṬHA:

Hmar Inpui hin ‘Year Plan & Project’ ṭha tâwk tak neiin, north east India state hran hrana ei unau Hmar pahnam tamtak-hai le inpâwltlângna / inrâwntlângna (seminar & consultation) hun hi kum khatah vawi 1/2 bêk ei nei theina dingin an umna hmunah sir / kan hai sien, inbiekpui hlak raw hai se. Chuong ang bawkin, state level-ah, Region le Zone level-in inṭhe nâwk inla, hieng ang hin- Manipur, Meghalaya (unau Biete lâi), Tripura ( Kaipeng, Chawrai, Muolṭhuom (Molsom), Bawng, Langrawng,  Chothe, Darlong, Halam, Hrangkhawl, etc.), Mizoram (Hmar pahnam tamtak nina inhre ta lohai bâkah Ngawn, Bawm, etc.); Assam (Barak valley-a Chawrai, Saihriem, Kaipeng, Aimol, etc. hai le NC Hills (Dima Hasao) district-a Khelma (Sakachep), Biete, Hrangkhawl); Nagaland (Jalukie sevêla Hmar pahnam tamtak, Kuki hnuoia um tahai); Bangladesh rama Chittagong Hill Tracts le Myanmar ram Chin Hills-a unauhai lai dâm sirin, hrilpui ila. Chu zet chun Hmar hnam hi bêl tlâk le umna tlâkah mi'n mi ngâi an ta; Hmar ni nuom hlêng an tih.

Ringtu ei ni lei seka hnam inphatsan el dingin Bible-in a mi'n chûktir nawh. Sienkhawm, eini chu kohran pâwlah ei hring lem a, hnamin a châuphâ an ta hi. Hmar kohranhaiin ei unauhai lâia rawngbawltu an tirhai hi Pathien ram ta dinga thaw hlâwk anga ei ngâi lai zing hin hnam inunauna ṭhiekdartu an sie (posting) ni theina lâi um thei a ni bawk.

6. INTUM SUOK HI:

August ni 27 - September ni 1, 2021 sûng khan Barak Valley Kuki Innpi President- Fonidhar Chorei (@ Ngirbulbum Aithingrok) le a ruolhai chun Songpijang, Haflong-ah Good Will Visit neiin Kuki Innpi Assam (KIA) hai leh inbiektlângna an nei a. Chorei pahnam hi Barak Valley-a hin tam tâwk tak an lo um ve. Chawrai (Chorei) hai hi Hmar pahnam an ni an naw?

Kuki-a an inzieklût dân zuk thlîr vat ei tih:

1. Kum 1974-in ‘Chorei Student's Union’ CSO) chu Sielmat, Churachandpur, Manipur-ah an indin a. Ei Hmar khuo ngeia an indin lai hin Hmar pahnam an nizie hriltu an um naw maw?

2. Kum 1978 khan ‘Tangpui Student's Association’ chu Manikchand, Karimganj, Assam-ah an indin nâwk a; ST list-ah a hrana inzieklût dingin an buoipui ta pei a;

3. Kum 1980-in ‘Tangpui Student's Association’ chun SDO (Civil) Karimganj, Sri A. Singh chu ST certificate thuah panin, SDO chun Kuki hnam kaupêng anga ngâiin Pu Fonidhar Chorei chu ST certificate a pêk tah;

4. Kum 1980 kum bawk SDO (Civil) thar Sri A H Huda, SDO (Civil) Karimganj chun Kuki an nina chieng taka a hriet naw leiin a pawm ngam nawh a. Chu beidawng chun ST certificate pe thei ding All Assam Tribal Sangha (AATS) kuomah an intlun a. Sienkhawm, Chorei inṭanna an chieng naw leiin ST certificate pêk thuah harsatna an nei tah a;

5. Chuonga an inṭanna bul an buoipui mêk lâi, Sri S. Barkakati lekhabu ziek besanin Chorei hnam chu Old Kuki hnam kaupêng pakhat an nizie hriet hnungin Dhubri, Assam-a AATS inkhâwmpui chun pawm an nih. 

6. Kum 1995 hma po khan official-taka pawmna a um nawh. Sienkhawm, Sri J I Kathar, IAS, DC Karimganj-in official-taka a ziek chu besanin, Chorei hnam chu Kuki hnam kaupêng pakhata um an ni tah. Khâng hun lai khan ei inlusûk san a; hnâr ri intlawk elin ei um san ni ngêi a ti maw!

Hun khâng chen ei lo inlusu a. Tuhin Barak Valley-ah Hmarin sawrkar kuomah ngênna siemin, State Act hnuoiah Hmar Autonomous District a hei nei meu chu, Assam sawrkarin, "In unauhai leh hung inrâwntlâng ro" a ti meu chu inlusu ṭhanghar phut a hawi khawp el ! Unau inzawng nachâng hre lovin kum zabi tharah ei chuongkâi mêk.

NC Hills (Dima Hasao) district, Jaintia Hills le Meghalaya-a unau- Biete / Biate-hai chu hnam dang anga inngâiin Hmar ni an nuom nawh . Chângsan pahnam hlak ‘Khongsai thlatu bul’ a inti a, Kuki-a khawm a chawngpu (neitu) takin an um ta bawk. Unau Hrangkhawl pahnam, Dima Hasao district-a constituency khat neihai khawm a hran hlawka umin, Hmar ni an inhriet nuom ta nawh.        (Thubel: Hi a chung a pahnam Biete, Changsan le Hrangkhawl chungthu ei hung hril khi an pahnam pumpui chungthu a ni nawh. Manipur, Mizoram, Assam, Meghalaya le Nagaland a tamtak hai chu Hmar hnam indik tak an nizie inhre in, mi tamtak  hnam thuoitu pawimaw tak tak sin chelin hnam tadingin rawng an bâwl a nih).

Unau Khelma (Sakachep)-hai khawmin chu chu an zui ve mêk. West Karbi Anglong district-a unau Sakachep-hai ruok chu, Karbi Anglong Hmar Association (KAHA) ṭhuoituhai hmalâkna zârin, Hmar hnam hnuoiah an um ve thung. Sienkhawm, tulâi hnai hin Art & Culture Deptt, Karbi Anglong Autonomous Council (KAAC) chun hnam tin palâi a ko khâwmnaah a hranin fielna a pêk ve tlat. Hnam thuoituha'n hma la nghâlin an pahnam lû deu hai leh  inbiek nghâl a nih.

Manipur-a unau- Chiru, Aimol, Kom, Ranglong, etc. intum an suok vawng ta maw? Darlong pahnamhai, zani laia Kuki hnam hnuoiah ST-a an zieklût kha ei nakâwr a lum hlat hlat a, ei lû a lien nuom ngei!

Politics, pâwl le kohran rama ṭhang ei lâk ang hin Hmar hnam hmangaina leh ei unâuhai  chêngna ram hai fangin, insuikhâwm nâwk zai rêl dingin hma lo la ni inla, vawisûnni ang hin ei unauhai hin inhranna lungril hi an nei ring a um nawh. 

Hmarhai hi Sinlungsuok unau lâi hin sakhuona tieng; abikin thu le hlaah Pathienin A mi sie chunghnung bîk vei leh; politics lamtluonga ruok hin chu ei inlusu a, ei ṭhanghar hlei thei dêr nawh. Ei hlahai khawm unau ṭawng dangin an inlet sup sup hlak hi hnam danghai nêka Pathien mi ditsak bîkna ni thei a tih. Sienkhawm hmasâwn nêkin ei la hnungtawl pei a, ei ngirhmun tak hi phâwngphawdet ang ei nih. A tâwpa lem chu Bible-a Esau-in upa lem a nina, a sangpa Jacob kuoma a’n hlân ngirhmun kha changin, ei nêka naupang lem kuomah la'n hlân mei ei tih.

Darlong pahnam hi Hmar le Lusei pahnam infinkhâwmna, a hlawm liena Rêngpuiram (Tripura) lo thlangtlahai an nih. Chuong Hmar pahnam ṭhenkhat, a hnunga  Darlong  pahnam anga zieklûta um tahai chuh:- Darngawn, Hrangchal, Hnamte, Khawlhring, Kângbûr, Chorai, Biete, Bawng, Buongpui, Lungṭâu/Lungṭâi, Neithâm, Pautu, Punte, Rawite, Saivate, Ṭhiek, Tlângte, Vângchhia/Vângsie, Vangkal, Varte, Vaiphei, Zate, Zongte, Zote, Tualte, Hekte, Hrangate, Tuahlawr/Tuolor, Khawzawl, etc. an nih. Hmar pahnam inziet hlawk, hnam dang lâi an zu um lei a, hnam hming thar phuok a, Hmar hnam anga zuk inngâi ta naw el hai hi Hmar Inpui le pâwl lien tak takhai hin unâu hnam khat ei nizie inhrilhrietna ei zu nei ta hrim hrim am ?

7. EI BUOINA - ST RECOGNISED LO:

Hmarhai chu Manipur, Assam, Mizoram le Meghalaya state-hai chauvah ST-a zieklût ei nih. Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland le Tripura-a chun Hmar hnam hi ST list-ah ei ṭhang ve nawh. Hi lei hin ei unau Tripura le Nagaland-a umhaiin ST/ Tribal certificate an lâk ding pha recognized hnam pakhat tak an ziek a ṭûl a nih (Tripura state tribal list-a record hnam 19 hai- Tripuri/ Debbarma, Reangs/Brus, Jamatia, Noatia, Uchoi, Chakma, Mog, Lushai, Kuki, Munda, Kour, Oram, Santhal, Bhil, Bhutia, Chaimar Sermai, Garo, Khasia, Lepcha, & Halam).

Darlong pahnam chun Kuki hnuoia hnam pakhat ve angin an pawm tlâng tah. Hmar ni nuom hle hai sienkhawm, Tripura-ah Hmar chu ST recognised list-ah a um ve si nawh. Nagaland-a Hmar tamtak hai khawmin ST certificate lâkna dingah Kuki niin ST certificate an lâk thei chau. 

Hi chungchâng thu hi nuoma zuk suk danglam el thei a ni hri nawh. Indian constitution a zieklût a ni si leiin, eini ei chieng phawt a ngai.

Hieng state ei suklang haia hin Hmar population-a tiem sa lo, Hmar hnam ni si tamtak an um a. Ei inlusûk kâr bêl ding nei naw leiin ṭang dang an mi bêlsan lem an ta hi. ‘Iengtin am thaw inla ei unauhai hin hnam dang hming haw lovin, Hmar hming ngeiin ST certificate la thei vêng an ta’ ti chu indawnna lientak a nih.

TLÂNGKÂWMNA:

Inlusu le har fîm ngirhmun inhlatzie ei hriet angin, hnam inlusu le hnam harfîm (var) inkâr khawm a lo hla ie. Hnam a lo inlusu a ni chun, chu hnam hmabâk chu an thim a, hnam dangin an nuom hun hunah sal anga manin, phierhnungkhîrin an khit thei zing a nih. Chu hnam chu êk benchek anga indarin, ngîrsuok nâwk ta ngai lo dingin nuoi bo ni tâng a tih. 

Hmar hi hnam inlusu a lo ni el ta naw maw ? A nau le tehai hum nachâng hre lo, indar mêk, ko khâwm le insuikhâwmna dinga hmalâk tum bawk lo, a  kâwl le kiengah ieng am, ieng thil am, ieng harsatna am a hmasuon ti hrim hre lovin, imû inhniktakin a lo inlusu zing annawm a nih ?

Ei ngirhmun thlîrin, inlusûkna a'n thawka har suok a, ei tho vat naw chun hmabâk a'n thim a. Ei ṭawng le hnam thi ngei a tih.