ṬÊK (A Bolt From The Blue)

~ Lalruotlien Hmar

Sûmpui inziel mup mupa, kâwlbul ân thim phât chun, ruo ân sûrtir hlak. Khâwk dur durin vân ân rûma, kâwlinlep phe zuoi zuoiin, ṭêk ân tla ri dur dura; hnuoi chu inthinin ân sawi bup bup hlak. Pathien thilsiema hringna nei tinrênghai chu, riel le ruo, thlipui, lum le dei lakah an inhumhimna di’n ruohman a siem pêk senga. Nisienlakhawm, khuorêl sietna hieng: ṭêk (lightning), tuifâwn, lirhning, cyclone, kângmei, mîmkei, add., hai lakah ruok hin chu inbiekna ding hrim a um nawh.

Khawvel siklesa le boruok le khawmuolhai nasataka ân inthlakdanglam (climate change) tâk leiin, khuovâng sietna chi dang dang khawvel hmun hrang hrang ahai a tlung inzing ta hle’l a nih.Tulai hun hi ṭêk tlak hunbi lai ân leiin, a chanchin (Fulminology) hi hang ngaituo zawm seng ei tiu.
Kum 2018 sûng khan India ram hmun hrang hrangah, ṭêkin mihriem 3,000 chuong a dêng a. Kum 3 lai liemtah a'nthawk khan mihriem ṭêk i dênghlum hi 1,000 in ei pung a nih. Tukum khawm hin media report dungzuiin April thla a’nthawk khan mi 89 lai ṭêkin a dênghlum ta a, April 16 ni tak a lem khan chu Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) in alo sinsiena a chun 41,000 zet ṭek (cloud-to-ground [CG] lightning) a tla hiel a nih. National Crime Records Bureau in ânchikna a khawm kum 2005 a’nthawk ta khan kumtinin India ram ahin mithi 2,000 hai chu ṭêk i dênghlum an nih. ‘Ṭêkin a dengna ngai vek a deng nawn ngai nawh’ (lightning never strikes twice) an ti hlaka. Hi thu khawm hi thukhêl alo inchang tah. Asanchu, Kum 1942-1977 sûng khan US a khawsa Ray Sullivan chu ṭêkin vawi 7 zet a dêng.

Sâphai chun, ṭêktlahai hi ko dân chi dang dang an neia. Chun, ṭêk hi a hung inṭan dân a’nthawkin chi 3-in an ṭhe bawk a: 
1. In-Cloud lightning (IC). Hnuoi tlung lovin sûm bawm pakhat laia  um a nih. 
2. Cloud-to-Cloud lightning (CC). Sûm intêl a bawphlawp pakhat neka tam hai lai a um. 
3. Cloud-to-Ground lightning (CG). Vân sûm intêl a’nthawka leihnuoia hung tla hi a nih. IG lightning hi leihnuoia mihring le thil dang danghai suksiettu chu a nih. Ei pi-le-pihai khan,”ṭêk chu hrepui ang a nih”, dâm an lo ti hlaka. Sâphai khawma hming chi hrang hrangin an ko ve a nih. Hieng: heat lightning, ball lightning, spider lightning, bead lightning, cloud-to-air lightning, dry lightning, forked lightning, heat lightning, ribbon lightning, sheet lightning, smoot channel lightning, staccato lightning, superbolts lightning, rocket lightning, sympathetic lightning, le clear air lightning hai hi ân nih.

Ṭêk (lightning strike)-kâwlinlep(lightning flash)-vâninrûm (thunder) ei tihai hi sûngkuo pakhat ang hi ân na. Kâwlinlep na zawngin ṭêk ântlâk tir nawh a, ṭêk tla chu kâwlinlep lei ana, vâninrûmin a zui hlak. Kâwlinlep khat chau khawm a um hlak bawk. Thlasik hunbi lai kâwl ân lep phe zuoi zuoi hlak ei hmua, vâninrûm ri ei hriet naw châng a um hlak. Asanchu, vâninrûm ri hih boruokah 20 miles chena hla ah ei hriet thei lei a nih. Kâwlinlep si a, ṭêk tla si lo le vân inrûm ri um si lo hai hi ‘Heat lightning’ ti’n ân ko.

Ṭêk le kâwlinlep inumtir hlaktuhai chu boruok lum le dei insuktuo lei dam, hurricane, tornadoes, tlângkâng, thlasik dei luot lei dâm a nih. Ei chengna leihnuoia hin ‘lightning’ ei ti hi kumkhat sûngin 1.4 billion lai a um a. Nitinin ṭêkin hnuoi hi 8 million lai a dêng anga hril a nih. Planet dang hieng: Jupiter, Saturn le Venus ahai khawm ‘lightning activity’ hi a um ve zing a. Khawvela ṭêktlâk tamna hmun tak chu Kifuka, Democratic of Congo ram a nih.. Kumkhat sûngin hi ram ahin 1 sq. km. biel sûngah vawi 158 vêl zet ṭêk a tla hlak. Lake Maracaibo, Venezula a khawm kumkhat sûnga ni 297 ah ‘lightning activity’ a tlung hlak. Singapore le Central Florida hai khawm hi ṭêktlak tamna hmunhai ân nih.

Ṭêk hin electric current hrattak el 30,000 amperes – 40,000 amperes a siem thei a. lumna (heat) khawm 90,030 degree F a siem thei bawk a nih. Var (light) hi 300,000,000 m/s a hrât ana, ri (sound) hi boruok a chu 343 m/s a hrât a ni ve thunga. Hi inkhina hmang hin ṭêktlakna hmun, a hnâi le hla, inkhi thei a nih. Kâwlinlep zo chara vâninrûm (ṭêk) ri I hriet hun, a ri le kâwlinlep kârlak kha 3 second vêl ani chun (3x343m) I umna hmun a’nthawkin 1 km vela hlaah ṭêk a tla tina a nih. 5 second vêl a ni chun 1 mile (1.6 km) hmunlai a tla tina a nih. ((5x343m). Ṭêk tlakna hmun I hnai hle ani chun kâwlinlep le a ri’n (vâninrûm) kâr nei hman lovin Ozone (O3) rim inhmui rum rumin inhnam I tih. Ṭêk I dênghai hin a ri an hriet hma’n a dêng dêr ta hlak. Asanchu, ‘light is faster than sound’ lei a nih.

Têk hi thil tamtak hnuoia umhai le hringna neihai ta dinga sietna intluntu lo nisien khawm, ṭhangkaina alo um ve a: boruok le hnuoi chunga electric balance chu a siem ruola, boruok thalo le ni-zung UV Rays, mihriem le rannung, vate le tuia hringna neihai ta dinga Cancer inumtir theitu laka mi tuomtu ‘Ozone layer’ phâwktu dinga Ozone siemtu a nih, Mihriemhai hi oxygen bovin ei dam theinaw a. Chu oxygen chu thlaiha’n an mi chawm ana. Thlaihai ta dinga an vitamin pakhat chu ‘Nitric Acid’ hi alo ni a. Chu Nitric Acid chu boruok ahin Nitrogen gas angin a uma. Ṭêk a hung tla khan Nitrogenhai chu vanruotui haiin hnuoi chunga an hung intlâktir hlak a nih.

Ṭêk laka invêng dân:

Ø  ‘Ṭêk chu ieng hunam um ata?,’ ti hriet hmasak phawt a pawimawa. 30/30 Rule an tih a. A umzie chu; vâninrûm le kâwlinlep kâr kha 30 second nêka inrang a ni chun ṭekin a hnai che tina a nih. Chun, ṭêktlâk hunbi chu kumtin April-July hi India ram a chu a ni tlângpui hlak.
Ø  Vâninrûm ri I hriet ta chun, thîrhrui, cellphone le electric current fe theina ding hrim hrim hmangruohai them lo ding. Cellphone I hmanglai tower kha alo dêng fûk pal ani chun, kha tower hmanghai phone po po khan, shock wave an tuok ve thei a nih.
Ø  Thing mal ngîr amani, thing insângtak hnuoia le a hnaiah um lo ding.
Ø  Electric wiring fit-na bul hnai lo ding.
Ø  Insunga chu pindan lailina hmun lai a um hlak ding.
Ø  Motor sunga umlai a ni chun thîr reng reng tâwk lo ding.
Ø  Car sunga um hi a him hle a nih.
Ø  Khawlai a um chun hieng nihliep, bi-cycle golf clubs le thirdai le thir-ban insânghai lakah fihlîm ding a nih,
Ø  Hmun thawveng, zâwllai dam ilo um ani chun ngir lova inthung ṭawk ṭawk ding, khur dâm, hmun inhnuoilem dâm alo um chun chu hmun a chun um lem ding a nih.
Ø  Ramhnuoiah I umlai alo ni chun, thingbul hnaiah um lo ding. I thuomhnaw inbelhai alo hu a intlengna ding thuom hul I nei chun a hula inbel lem ding a nih. Vadunga I um chun vadung tuilai um lo ding. Hmun hul, pûk sûng ahai umna ding zawng lem ding a nih.

Ṭêk chanchin hi mihriem varna le thiemna’n a suisuok zolo tamtak a uma. Pathien thilsiem dân ropuizie le Ama ropuina târlangtu ân lo nih.


Parbung: 31 May 2019.

Martyrs' Day Hla phuoktu Upa Laltlansung le holhimna

~ Lalruotlien Hmar.

Pathienni 6 May 2018 khan Parbungah- HWA, HYA, PSA, HAA, Valupa le VA ha’n, Upa Laltlansung hohlimpuina le thingpui dâwn puina hun ân hmang pui. Hun țanna dingin, ama (Upa Laltlansung) in aphuok, “May Ni 16-Martyrs’ Day Hla”, chu hi huna țhangha’n lungril tak le inza takin sak a nih a:

1. Khawvel hnam ze tinrenghai ta di;n hmun le ram,
Chungkhuonu in a lo ruotpêk;
Hmar nau lênghai khawm hmun le ram chu zawng vein,
Vâl mihrângha’n ân hringna ân inhlân.
Mihrâng fam lo changhai, in ta di’n hun le ni
A tharin kân hung inhlân cheu;
Hmar nau zalêng ruolha’n May ni 16 hi,
Martyrs’ Day ti'n kân inhlân cheu.
2. Ram santu mihrâng, buonleia lo zâl tahai,
In tlawmngaina kân innghil naw;
Tlâng tin muol tina sam ang lo zâl inlakhawm,
In sakhming hril hi bâng thei nâwng kân ti.
3. Ram le hnam ta dinga mi tlawmngai hai le
Hringna chen lo inhlântuhai leiin,
Ei hnamin pâr anga vul ni la nei a ta,
Ân sakhming ṭhangthar lai mâwi zuol a tih.

Zâwna petu=Z (Mi dang a’nthawk)
Dawntu= D (Upa Laltlansung)

Z – A hmasa’n, I sin thawna leia Parbung hung chuong kai I ni thu kan hrieta,. Chuleiin, in insûng chanchin hai kimchang taka hrietna kân nei naw leiin, mi hril pêk thei la lâwm um hle’ng a tih:
D – Ahmasa’n, vawisûn hin khawsûng nu-le-pahai; HYA, HWA PSA, HAA, VA le Vâl-upa ha’n inpâwlpuina hunhai in mi buotsai pêk leiin inrênga chungah lawmthu ka hril a nih. Ka piengna khuo chu Patpuihmun, Vangaitlâng ana. Urêng 5, pasal 3 le nuhmei 2 kan nih a. Kan urênga a upatak chu tlangvâl lai tak May 26 1975 khan a thi a. Tuhin, kei hi nuhmei neiin, nau 3 kan nei a. Amiruokchu, ka nauhai 2 in muol ân mi liemsan tah a. A naupangtak pasalte chau leh ka nuhmei le mi 3 kan chêngtlâng a nih..

Z – I piengna khuo Patpuihmun a’nthawkin Parbung khuo hi iengtik kuma hung insawn am I na ?
D – Kum 1996 khan Parbunga ka thawkna RPCNEI District office ah Accountant sin thaw dinga transfer ka nih.

Z – Hnam Pasalțha fam chang tahai hrietzingna dinga I hla phuok ‘May 16’ ti hla hi iengtik kuma I phuok am ana ?
D – May 11, 1991 kum a nih. Martyrs’ Day hi 1990 khan ei Hnam Sipai haiin an hmang țana. Ka hrietsuol naw chun, October 1990 khan HPC Council ințhung, Hmarkhawliena neina hun a khan, Hmar hnam pum huopa hmang dinga thu an suktlûk tah angin, 1991 a’nthawk khan vawisûn chen hin kumtin ei hmang tah anih. Chuleiin, tu kum hi vawi-28 ei lo hmang kâi ân tah. Hienga Councilin, Hmar umna ta phawt ah Martyrs’ Day hmang dingin ân hung rêl ta lei hin, keini Patpuihmun khuo khawma ropui taka hmang dingin kan inbuotsai ta nghâl a. Khang hun lai khan, keini hi Student le HYA tieng lo țhuoi hlak kan ni leiin, Pu Pauva, Chairman Valupa chun, hi programme siem dingin ami hung râwn a. Chuleiin, programme chu kân induong tah a.Chulaichun, ka lungrilin,” ‘Martyrs’ Day’ chu ei zuk hmang el ding ân ta a; ei Hnam tlangval fam lo chang tahai iemanizât ân lo ni tah a, ânni hrietzingna di’n, a ni ei inser ding ân ta a. Amiruokchu, ânni hai hrietzingna ding Hla hlak la umlo ana…” tiin, ka lungril a chun Martyrs’ Day hla ding hi a hung inlang tah anih. Ei unaupa Ruolkhum le Lalremsang Songate hai chu atlûk ka hrila, ân inchûka, chutaka inthawk chun, Ankhasuoa Rohlupui a sangnu Roneihlu chu Patpuihmuna hung kher kha, a tlûk ân lo hrila. A unu Rohlupui khawmin Cassette a khawm a hung sak ta pei a nih. A Solfa ziek a um naw lei hin, a tlûk le a thuhai khawm hi, keima siem angnaw meta sakna khawm a um nuol anih. A thu chu nakie ta ei sak ang char kha a original chu anih.

Z – A hla thua châng tâwpna tak kha ei hang en chun, hi hla I siem hunlai khan vision ilo nei anih ti ei inhmai naw a. “…..hringna chen lo inhlantuhai leiin, ei Hnamin pâr-ang vul ni la nei ata….”, ti’n. Chuleiin, tuhin ei Hnam pasalțha le ân thisen manin ram-‘Sinlung Hills Council’ a hung pieng țhuoi el ta hi lâwmum ei ti hle. Nangma tieng pangah, hi ei ram hung pieng hi ilo suongtuona leh khaikhinin, I bûk inmil thei am ?
D – Lâwm a um…Khânglai hun a khan chu, Mizoram, Aizawl North ti a ko vawng ana. 1985 khan UT a’nthawkin Full State an hung hmu a. Chutaka a chun, ei unau Pu Renglienhai, Pu Malsawm Ralsun le Pu Raltawna hai chu 1987 khan Patpuihmunah an hung tlân a. Pu Renglien hi keini inah ân kula, Pu Malsawm Ralsun kha, ei hrietthei dân ding chun, Elsung a sunghai in a khan. Chun, Pu Raltawna kha Pu Chama inah. Khang ang khan, ân thiltumhai kha Mizoramah ân zuk hrila chu, MNF buoi laia Grouping ân lo thaw kha buoina hung suok thar nâwk el ding anga ân lang lei khan, ân hrildar hne naw a. Chuleiin, ‘Nangni puonthu khailaiha’n, mi va tlawmngai pui unla, mi va hrildar pui ro”, tiin, kha taka inthawk khan HPC Movement hi Non-violence hmangin ei țan a. Chuongang hrim chun, Council ințhungin, ‘Peaceful Bandh” huoihawt dingin hma ân lâk țan a. Ring naw ang takin, MAP hai chu anlo khau ta em em a. A vawihnina dingin Peaceful Bandh kha thaw nâwk rawt ana. Eini tieng ami khawm thisen lum pawl eilo um ve nuola. Famtah Pu Thangsang General President ama khan, Mizoram sorkara khan Dateline alo pêka. Kha kha bawzuilo theilo ani ta leiin, ân hang bawzui nâwk khan, ei tlangvalhai Bandh huoihawta țhanghai kha MAP hai khan nasatakin ân lo vuok hliema. Manipur- Churachandpur tlâng chenin hliemhai kha eiin enkawl kha anih a. Chutaka inthawka ei tlangvalhai lungsenin Phuibuong le Khawlien khuo ahai khawm salei dâwlin, volunteer ei hung insiem tah a, cham lovin hmangruo hmanga ramsuok ei hung um tah anih.Ei pasalțhahai thisen man hi poisa’n a man naw hle a. Tuta Mizorama ei Ram hung pieng khawm hi ei tuornahai en chun a nêp ka tih a, ka beisei a phak naw anih. Asanchu, NC Hills ami anga Sixth Scheduled hnuoia Autonomous District Council ang hi ka beiseina kha alo na, khang hun lai khawm khan ei movement kha kalo inhnik ve em em anih. Amiruokchu, tuta inthawka Hnam khat anga inthuruola tlângkhata ei um chun ala hung lien pei ka beisei anih.

Z – Hla dang dang phuok I nei sa am ?
D – Lusun Hla 3 ka phuok ta bawka. Chun, keini kân khuo bingin, Weekly News “Hmar Arasi” kan insuo hun lai khan anih, hi kan News ‘Hmar Arasi” hming chawi hin hla ka siema. Rohluopuiin AIR Imphal ah a khum nghe nghe. Chun, kan tlangval lai hun a khan Playing Card hi an uor em em leiin, “Playing Card’ ti hla khawm ka phuok bawk anih.Ka hla phuokhai chu a reng chun 8 lai chu anih.
Z – Khawvela hnam ze hrang hranghai hin ram hmangaina hla, hnam pasalțha hla le ram ngaina hla tam tak tak ânlo nei ve a. Eini hnam a khawm hieng ang hla phuokthiem tak tak ei um ve a. Abîkin, Parbung khuo a mihai hi Pu L Tlanthang Chairman VA in mi hung hril sienla lawm um hle’ng atih ie:
D -  Hi Pu Laltlansungin Martyrs Day hla mawi tak el alo phuoka, Martyrs Day hun zât ei sak hlaka. Chuelbâkah, Parbung khuo mi fam lo chang tah Pu F Tuothang Songate khawmin hnam pasaltha hla iemanizât alo phuok ve a. A hla phuokhai, zuk sak lang chu ka mitthli a thla’l ding ân si a, a hrilin hung hril el lang,”…a sâng a sâng kân hringna a ral chun, a sing a sîngin la thung ve’ng kan ti. Kan hringna inzawmpui Pathien hring ân leiin. Hmelma râl chu la hne ngei kan tih….”, “…Laipui chêngrâng in ri dum dum karah, suilung phanglo Hmar tlangvalhai. Keipui ienga hnung tawl lovin, Mihrang fam muol ân lo liem tah…”. Hi a phuoksan chu, tuta HPC (D) a Martyrs-hai ni lovin, Khawthar Lenglai Club kan indin hun lai khan, khi ei pansakhai le inhrietthiemnawna neiin, ei Hnam pasaltha 7 lai muol ânlo liema. KLC chun ân nihai hrietzingna lung ka dâwna a, Pu Ngurdinglien Hon’ble Minister Khuollienin hi hun ahin kan hmang nghe nghe a. Chulai huna chawp-le-chila kan inphuoktir anih.Keikhawm ka lungrila alo sipliem ve nîng ata, “….laipui chengrâng inri dum dum karah, suilung phânglo Hmar tlangvalhai…”, ti po kha ka ziek dawka, a thu danghai chu Pu F Tuothang Songate khan a siem a. Hla phuok a chu a phuok tawi tak nIng ka tih.Hienghai naw khawm iemanizât lai a phuok anih.Chun, vawisun hin Pu Laltlansung ngei khawmin Pasaltha hla mawitak alo phuok lei hin Parbung khawmin chawimawina thuziek le Thangsuo puon hai khawm eilo inkhumtir tah anih.Hi el chau ni lovin, tuta Sesawnga HPC (D) Homecoming Ceremony ahai khawm khan Pu Laltlansunghai, Famtah Pu F Tuothanghai le mi dang danghai Hnam Hla phuokthiemhai kha Chawimawina le abîka fielnahai khawm, ka mimal țhahnemngaina a chun, pehai sien ti kalo beiseipui kha anih.

Z – The 28th State Level Hmar Martyrs Day Saikawt hmun a țhang ve di’n fielna I dawng am ?
D – Ka dawng nawh. Nisienlakhawm, țhangthar remhrie, bengvâr le mithiem in hung suok thar peia, kei khawm mihriem dânah kum upa tieng (k-61) kalo ni ta bawka. Mi hlutsaktuhai le mi ngainatuhai po  po chungah a vêl vêlin lâwmthu ka hril anih.

Z – SHC Mizoram Chapter a ding hin, ei țhuoituhai kuomah thurawn I nei am ?
D – Hi Council hin eini Hmar nauhai khawlai hmuna um khawm nihai sien, mi keikhâwmtu le ei Hnam damna ni ngei sien ka nuom a. Ram dang danga Hmar nauhai hi sunga va lûta khawsakna rel tumtuhai khawm, ânlo fela, ân thiemna’n alo phâk ani chun, Council hin lo bawzui pei sien nuom um ka tih.

MIPUI HAMȚHATNA -I

~ Lalruotlien Hmar.

“ It, however, seems that the targeted population is still away from getting the real benefit of these schemes “ –http://www.jansuraksha.gov.in/.

India khuo-le-tui mihai hin hamțhatna le vângneina tamtak ei nei a. Khawpuia um, mi naran el khawmin, thil kalhmang hrie deu le țhangpuitu țha neihai lem chun, Sorkâr nenetui ringin hadam takin khawsak ân rêl thei hrim anih. Sorkâr-in, mipui ta dinga hamțhatna (Social Security) hieng APY, PMSBY le PMJJBY hai, ei lo sawr ve tâk duoiin ti thuah, ei hung târlang pei tum a nih a. Bêlchieng nuom le a hre sap nuomhai ta dingin, Official Website khawm ei hung inchuon nghal bawk a nih.

ATAL PENSION YOJANA (APY): Hi Scheme hi 9 May 2015 khan țan anih. India Sorkârin mipui hamțhatna dinga ruongâm a siem ana. Pension Plan chi khat a ni a. Hi Plan lâk thei ding chinhai chu Kum 18 ânthawka Kum 40 mi, Sorkâra Pension hlaw nei phak chin le Organised Sectora thawkna nei ti lo phawt a huom anih.

Atal Pension Yojana zawmtuhai (Policy Holder) ta dinga hamțhatnahai:

i.              Kum 60 ân ni hunah,  thlatin Rs. 1000.00 ânthawkin Rs. 5000.00 hmu theina anih.

ii.             Policy / Plan lâk fel hnungah Policy Holder alo thi pal chun, pawisa tamtham tak dawng atih.

iii.            Policy Holder chun kum 60 a tling hma khatin Bank ah pawisa  thlatin sung atih.

iv.           Pension lâkzat ding hi thlatina pawisa sung tam dân izira sût anih.

v.            Banka pawisa sungzât ding hi kum upat dân le pawisa sunglût zât inmila sût anih.

vi.           Pawisa sunglût zât ding, Pension pawisa zât le Nominee-in pawisa a dawng zât dinghai chu ahnuoia ang hi anih:

Kum zât	Pawisa a sung kum ding zât	Pension Rs 1000 hmu ding ha’n ân sung ding zât	Pension Rs 2000 hmu ding ha’n ân sung ding zât	Pension Rs 3000 hmu ding ha’n ân sung ding zât	Pension Rs 4000 hmu ding ha’n ân sung ding zât	Pension Rs 5000 hmu ding ha’n ân sung ding zât
18	42	42	84	126	168	210
19	41	46	92	138	183	228
20	40	50	100	150	198	248
21	39	54	108	162	215	269
22	38	59	117	177	234	292
23	37	64	127	192	254	318
24	36	70	139	208	277	346
25	35	76	151	226	301	376
26	34	82	164	246	327	409
27	33	90	178	268	356	446
28	32	97	194	292	388	485
29	31	106	212	318	423	529
30	30	116	231	347	462	577
31	29	126	252	379	504	630
32	28	138	276	414	551	689
33	27	151	302	453	602	752
34	26	165	330	495	659	824
35	25	181	362	543	722	902
36	24	198	396	594	792	990
37	23	218	436	654	870	1087
38	22	240	480	720	957	1196
39	21	264	528	792	1050	1318
40	20	291	582	873	1164	1454
Policy zawmtu’n thina alo tuok ani chun Nominee in pawisa a hmu zât ding
Pension Amount				Nominee in pawisa a dawng ding
Rs. 1000.00				Rs. 170.000.00
Rs. 2000.00				Rs. 340.000.00
Rs. 3000.00				Rs. 510.000.00
Rs. 4000.00				Rs. 680.000.00
Rs. 5000.00				Rs. 850.000.00

Kum 2014 a Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) thu târlang na a chun, India population 8.8 percent hai chu thawkna neilo (unemployed) ei nih a. Sungkuo (household) 207.8 lakh hai chun, piengphunga ruol banlo umna sungkuo ân nih. Chuleiin, hieng ang sungkuo ngirhmun derthawnghai (social insecurity) dawmkângna  ding hin APY, PMSBY LE PMJJY schemes hi induong anih a. APY bîk ahin, kum May 2016 chen khan, mihriem 26 lakh hai chu zieklût ân ni  tah a.  PMO thusuokin a zieklang dân chun, a pumpuiin hieng scheme 3 hai ahin a ram mipui mi 12-crore zet inzieklût ân um ta anih. Hieng ang vântlâng mipui hamțhatna hai hi phairam khawpui le Bank umna ahai a mipuihai chun ân bei sup sup zinga. Amiruokjchu, tlângram kilkhâwra um le Bank um nawna hmuna umhai ta ding chun, vâna ra ang a nih. -Official Website: http://jansuraksha.gov.in.

(Parbung: 27^th March 2018).