~ Lalruotlien Hmar
Sûmpui inziel mup mupa, kâwlbul ân thim phât chun, ruo ân sûrtir hlak. Khâwk dur durin vân ân rûma, kâwlinlep phe zuoi zuoiin, ṭêk ân tla ri dur dura; hnuoi chu inthinin ân sawi bup bup hlak. Pathien thilsiema hringna nei tinrênghai chu, riel le ruo, thlipui, lum le dei lakah an inhumhimna di’n ruohman a siem pêk senga. Nisienlakhawm, khuorêl sietna hieng: ṭêk (lightning), tuifâwn, lirhning, cyclone, kângmei, mîmkei, add., hai lakah ruok hin chu inbiekna ding hrim a um nawh.
Khawvel siklesa le boruok le khawmuolhai nasataka ân inthlakdanglam (climate change) tâk leiin, khuovâng sietna chi dang dang khawvel hmun hrang hrang ahai a tlung inzing ta hle’l a nih.Tulai hun hi ṭêk tlak hunbi lai ân leiin, a chanchin (Fulminology) hi hang ngaituo zawm seng ei tiu.
Kum 2018 sûng khan India ram hmun hrang hrangah, ṭêkin mihriem 3,000 chuong a dêng a. Kum 3 lai liemtah a'nthawk khan mihriem ṭêk i dênghlum hi 1,000 in ei pung a nih. Tukum khawm hin media report dungzuiin April thla a’nthawk khan mi 89 lai ṭêkin a dênghlum ta a, April 16 ni tak a lem khan chu Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) in alo sinsiena a chun 41,000 zet ṭek (cloud-to-ground [CG] lightning) a tla hiel a nih. National Crime Records Bureau in ânchikna a khawm kum 2005 a’nthawk ta khan kumtinin India ram ahin mithi 2,000 hai chu ṭêk i dênghlum an nih. ‘Ṭêkin a dengna ngai vek a deng nawn ngai nawh’ (lightning never strikes twice) an ti hlaka. Hi thu khawm hi thukhêl alo inchang tah. Asanchu, Kum 1942-1977 sûng khan US a khawsa Ray Sullivan chu ṭêkin vawi 7 zet a dêng.
Sâphai chun, ṭêktlahai hi ko dân chi dang dang an neia. Chun, ṭêk hi a hung inṭan dân a’nthawkin chi 3-in an ṭhe bawk a:
1. In-Cloud lightning (IC). Hnuoi tlung lovin sûm bawm pakhat laia um a nih.
2. Cloud-to-Cloud lightning (CC). Sûm intêl a bawphlawp pakhat neka tam hai lai a um.
3. Cloud-to-Ground lightning (CG). Vân sûm intêl a’nthawka leihnuoia hung tla hi a nih. IG lightning hi leihnuoia mihring le thil dang danghai suksiettu chu a nih. Ei pi-le-pihai khan,”ṭêk chu hrepui ang a nih”, dâm an lo ti hlaka. Sâphai khawma hming chi hrang hrangin an ko ve a nih. Hieng: heat lightning, ball lightning, spider lightning, bead lightning, cloud-to-air lightning, dry lightning, forked lightning, heat lightning, ribbon lightning, sheet lightning, smoot channel lightning, staccato lightning, superbolts lightning, rocket lightning, sympathetic lightning, le clear air lightning hai hi ân nih.
Ṭêk (lightning strike)-kâwlinlep(lightning flash)-vâninrûm (thunder) ei tihai hi sûngkuo pakhat ang hi ân na. Kâwlinlep na zawngin ṭêk ântlâk tir nawh a, ṭêk tla chu kâwlinlep lei ana, vâninrûmin a zui hlak. Kâwlinlep khat chau khawm a um hlak bawk. Thlasik hunbi lai kâwl ân lep phe zuoi zuoi hlak ei hmua, vâninrûm ri ei hriet naw châng a um hlak. Asanchu, vâninrûm ri hih boruokah 20 miles chena hla ah ei hriet thei lei a nih. Kâwlinlep si a, ṭêk tla si lo le vân inrûm ri um si lo hai hi ‘Heat lightning’ ti’n ân ko.
Ṭêk le kâwlinlep inumtir hlaktuhai chu boruok lum le dei insuktuo lei dam, hurricane, tornadoes, tlângkâng, thlasik dei luot lei dâm a nih. Ei chengna leihnuoia hin ‘lightning’ ei ti hi kumkhat sûngin 1.4 billion lai a um a. Nitinin ṭêkin hnuoi hi 8 million lai a dêng anga hril a nih. Planet dang hieng: Jupiter, Saturn le Venus ahai khawm ‘lightning activity’ hi a um ve zing a. Khawvela ṭêktlâk tamna hmun tak chu Kifuka, Democratic of Congo ram a nih.. Kumkhat sûngin hi ram ahin 1 sq. km. biel sûngah vawi 158 vêl zet ṭêk a tla hlak. Lake Maracaibo, Venezula a khawm kumkhat sûnga ni 297 ah ‘lightning activity’ a tlung hlak. Singapore le Central Florida hai khawm hi ṭêktlak tamna hmunhai ân nih.
Ṭêk hin electric current hrattak el 30,000 amperes – 40,000 amperes a siem thei a. lumna (heat) khawm 90,030 degree F a siem thei bawk a nih. Var (light) hi 300,000,000 m/s a hrât ana, ri (sound) hi boruok a chu 343 m/s a hrât a ni ve thunga. Hi inkhina hmang hin ṭêktlakna hmun, a hnâi le hla, inkhi thei a nih. Kâwlinlep zo chara vâninrûm (ṭêk) ri I hriet hun, a ri le kâwlinlep kârlak kha 3 second vêl ani chun (3x343m) I umna hmun a’nthawkin 1 km vela hlaah ṭêk a tla tina a nih. 5 second vêl a ni chun 1 mile (1.6 km) hmunlai a tla tina a nih. ((5x343m). Ṭêk tlakna hmun I hnai hle ani chun kâwlinlep le a ri’n (vâninrûm) kâr nei hman lovin Ozone (O3) rim inhmui rum rumin inhnam I tih. Ṭêk I dênghai hin a ri an hriet hma’n a dêng dêr ta hlak. Asanchu, ‘light is faster than sound’ lei a nih.
Têk hi thil tamtak hnuoia umhai le hringna neihai ta dinga sietna intluntu lo nisien khawm, ṭhangkaina alo um ve a: boruok le hnuoi chunga electric balance chu a siem ruola, boruok thalo le ni-zung UV Rays, mihriem le rannung, vate le tuia hringna neihai ta dinga Cancer inumtir theitu laka mi tuomtu ‘Ozone layer’ phâwktu dinga Ozone siemtu a nih, Mihriemhai hi oxygen bovin ei dam theinaw a. Chu oxygen chu thlaiha’n an mi chawm ana. Thlaihai ta dinga an vitamin pakhat chu ‘Nitric Acid’ hi alo ni a. Chu Nitric Acid chu boruok ahin Nitrogen gas angin a uma. Ṭêk a hung tla khan Nitrogenhai chu vanruotui haiin hnuoi chunga an hung intlâktir hlak a nih.
Ṭêk laka invêng dân:
Ø ‘Ṭêk chu ieng hunam um ata?,’ ti hriet hmasak phawt a pawimawa. 30/30 Rule an tih a. A umzie chu; vâninrûm le kâwlinlep kâr kha 30 second nêka inrang a ni chun ṭekin a hnai che tina a nih. Chun, ṭêktlâk hunbi chu kumtin April-July hi India ram a chu a ni tlângpui hlak.
Ø Vâninrûm ri I hriet ta chun, thîrhrui, cellphone le electric current fe theina ding hrim hrim hmangruohai them lo ding. Cellphone I hmanglai tower kha alo dêng fûk pal ani chun, kha tower hmanghai phone po po khan, shock wave an tuok ve thei a nih.
Ø Thing mal ngîr amani, thing insângtak hnuoia le a hnaiah um lo ding.
Ø Electric wiring fit-na bul hnai lo ding.
Ø Insunga chu pindan lailina hmun lai a um hlak ding.
Ø Motor sunga umlai a ni chun thîr reng reng tâwk lo ding.
Ø Car sunga um hi a him hle a nih.
Ø Khawlai a um chun hieng nihliep, bi-cycle golf clubs le thirdai le thir-ban insânghai lakah fihlîm ding a nih,
Ø Hmun thawveng, zâwllai dam ilo um ani chun ngir lova inthung ṭawk ṭawk ding, khur dâm, hmun inhnuoilem dâm alo um chun chu hmun a chun um lem ding a nih.
Ø Ramhnuoiah I umlai alo ni chun, thingbul hnaiah um lo ding. I thuomhnaw inbelhai alo hu a intlengna ding thuom hul I nei chun a hula inbel lem ding a nih. Vadunga I um chun vadung tuilai um lo ding. Hmun hul, pûk sûng ahai umna ding zawng lem ding a nih.
Ṭêk chanchin hi mihriem varna le thiemna’n a suisuok zolo tamtak a uma. Pathien thilsiem dân ropuizie le Ama ropuina târlangtu ân lo nih.
Parbung: 31 May 2019.
