Constitutional Monarchy
India in independence a hmu hma 1946 khan Manipur Maharaja Bodhchandra khan Manipur State Constitution siemtu ding Constitution Drafting Committee a lo indina. Hi Committee hin July 26, 1947 khan Manipur Maharaja Bodhchandra kuoma Draft a lo thelut. Manipur State Constitution Draft chu Maharaja hin a pawm le inruolin Manipur state chu Maharaja Bodhchandra hnuoiah Constitutional Monarchy a hung ni ta a nih, tia ngaidan nei thenkhat an um.
Instrument of Accession 1947
Independence ei hmu hma August 8, 1947 khan British sawrkar le Manipur Maharaja Bodhchandra hai chun Instrument of Accession an lo sign-a. Chu Instrument dungzui chun subject pathum (External affairs, defence le communication) tilo subject dang popo chu Manipur Maharaja thuneina hnuoia sie an nih
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August 15, 1947 a India Independence puong a ni char khan, India Independence Act 1947 a Sec 7(1)(b) dungzuiin, Manipur state chu technically in independent state a lo ni ve tah, an tih. August 16, 1947 khan British Governor General office in Home Dept File No. A-1/1/947 hmangin Instrument of Accession kha a lo namdet-a. August 22, 1947 khan Manipur State Council in Memo No. 383 PTI Reference Council Minutes Part I of 11.8.1947 hmangin a lo namdet ta bawk. Chun August 27, 1947 khan Manipur State Gazette ah mipui hriet thei dingin kha Instrument kha tlangzar a nih. Chuleiin Manipur hi September 21, 1949 hma popo kha India hnuoia um an nawh, an ti hlak.
MLA Election 1948
Independence hmu hma a Manipur Maharaja Bodhchandra hrietpui Manipur State Constitution 1947 chu sirsanin Manipur state hi biel 53 in an lo the-a. Manipur state sunga Hmar delna khuo tamtak chu Senvon biel sunga rinlut an lo nih.
June 1948 khan hieng biel 53 a hai hin council election nei a nih. Hmar mipui chun June 1948 a Manipur election kha ei lo boycott. Ei i boycott election a khan Senvon biel ah Paite haiin Pu TC Tiankham an inngir tira. Kuki haiin Pu T. Kipgen an lo inngirtir ve. Mizo sawrkar ditlo Pu Sandam Hmar, Pherzawl khuo chu a ngir vea. A tling nawh. Senvon bielah Paite hai candidate Pu TC Tiankham chu a hung tling ta a nih. Kha tum khan Hills Disticts a inthawkin mi 18 an tling. Manipur pumpuia total seats kha 53 a nih.
Thlangtlinga um hai popo chun Manipur CM ding an thlanga. October 18, 1948 khan Maharaja Bodhchandra inhmupuiin sawrkar an siem ta a nih. Member pasari umna Council of Ministers chu Manipur ah a hung ngir thei ta a nih. Pu PB Singh chu CM a hung nia. Hills Areas a inthawk mi pahni Ministers in hlangkai an nih. Hills Areas Dept le Forest Dept an chel. Senvon biel awptu Pu TC Tiankham chu Manipur State Council Speaker dingin an thlangtling bawk. CCP malik an ni tah.
Mizo Sawrkar
Kum 1947-1948 sung khan Manipur a Hmar mipuiin an khuo lal Thadou-Kuki hai an dit nawzie an lo sopui nasa hle. Amiruokchu, Manipur CM PB Singh le a sawrkar chun khuo lal hai kha an lo support lema. Territorial integrity humhimtu angin an lo ngai a nih.
Mizo sawrkar a ngir chun Manipur a Thadou-Kuki lal thuneina popo tawp a ta, lal sadar, lal busung le phurrik popo bo tang a tih, an hang ti lem khan chu Mizo rorelna kha thlumte thlirin ei lo thlir ta a nih. Chuleiin Manipur state sunga Hmar hai lai Mizo Union supporter an hung punga. Assam state sunga Lushai Hills District ah inrinlut ei hung tum ta a nih.
Manipur state sunga umsawng ei nuom nawzie khanga council election boycott movement (June 1948) zawngin ei hei tarlang ta phing khan Manipur CM PB Singh a lu ei sukhai ta bek bek a nih. Maharaja Bodhchandra lalram sunga Senvon biel chu Lushai Hills District tienga inrinluttir an nuom nawa. Manipur a Naga biel chu Naga Hills a rinlut ding an phal bawk nawh. Manipur state sunga Hmar haiin Assam sunga Lushai Hills district (tuta Mizoram) hi ei lo zawm tum ve lei khan Manipur politics chu ei lo sukhning nasa hle a nih.
Tuivai ral tienga min pemluttir an nuom naw leiin Manipur state sawrkar chun Hmarbiel a Mizo Union thuoitu hai chu inbiekpui a hung tum ta a nih. Chuleiin Manipur a Mizo movement chu Manipur state sawrkar chun ieng le khawle dang a hung tum ta pei a nih. Hihi kum 1997-2006 chena valley helpawl Hmarbiel a an hung lutna san a hung ni ta pei a nih. Kum 1986-1997 hun sunga Vangaitlang dunga Naga hai intawmna san laia point pawimawtak pakhat chu Nagalim a nih. Thenum hai inselna ah vuok tuor pawl ni tum ta naw mani.
Manipur Maharaja Bodhchandra chun a CM PB Singh chu inrangtakin Parbung le Senvon khuo ah a tirlut ta a nih.
1948 or 1949?
Manipur Hmar haiin Manipur sunga Regional Council ei lo hnawl tuma Parbung le Senvon khuoa Manipur CM Pu PB Singh hung lut kum le inzawmin ngaidan pahni a um tah.
1. 1949 Group
Prof Lal Dena chun Manipur CM Pu PB Singh Parbung a lutni kha Feb 2, 1949 a nih, a tih. Page 98, 13th line, In Search of Identity, 2008 Edition lekhabu ah hmu thei a nih. Dr Hrilrokhum Thiek khawma Pu PB Singh Parbung a lutni kha Feb 2, 1949 a nih, a tih. Page 193, 24th line, History of Hmars, 2013 Edition ah hmu thei a nih. Prof Darliensung Hmar chun Pu PB Singh Parbung lut ni kha Feb 9, 1949 a nih, a tih. Page 121, The Hmars, 2013 Edition ah hmu thei a nih.
2. 1948 Group
Amiruokchu, Manipur CM Pu PB Singh chun Parbung a zu sir kum kha 1948 angin a lo hrila. Chu chu HSA haiin kum 1980 laia sawrkar a memorandum an lo thelutna a khan 1948 ti kha an lo zepsa ta a nih. Dr Rosiem Pudaite khawma a lekhabu ah kum 1980 a HSA haiin memorandum an thelut huna Pu PB Singh in 1948 khan Parbung a zu sir ti an ziek kha a hung sirsan ta a nih. Dr Vanlallien Pulamte khawma kum 1948 hi Pu PB Singh in Parbung a sir kum angin a hung zieklang ta pei a nih.
Hi article ziektu hin a hnuoia ang hin Manipur CM hlui PB Singh a Senvon sir dan chanchin zuk tarlang ka tih
Parbung
Manipur CM Pu PB Singh chun January 1949 lai bawr khan Manipur Hills Areas Minister Pu R. Kathing le CO, 4th Assam Rifle Sipai thuoitu hai thuoisa in Hmarbiel sir a lo tuma. February 2, 1949 khan Parbung a lut phawta. A sirna taphawtah, khuo lal popovin an lo welcome-a. Amiruokchu, Pu PB Singh lutna taphawtah Mizo Union leader hai an lo tlansie pei.
Parbung VA Secretary Pu Ruia Infimate inah a tlung hmasataka. Zankhat a riek. Anachu a cham sungin public meeting chu a ko thei nawh. MU supporter an lo tam leiin Parbung VA thuoitu hai chu an hmupuia. Regional Council peng ka ti cheu a lo tih. Tawng inlettu chu Pu Bela, Rovakawt mi a nih. Pu Rangkhum, Patpuihmun khuo mi in a tawiawm bawk. Pu Ruia hin kel a lo that peka. Pu PB Singh chun arpui dum a pek nghe nghe, an tih.
Senvon
Manipur CM Pu PB Singh chu February 4, 1949 khan Senvon a lut. Sapintlang ah MU leader hai public meeting a nei puia. Mizo sawrkar in zawm naw chun vawisun hin Regional Council ka pek nghal cheu ni raw seh a hei tia. A thu hril zing lai chun Mizo Union leader Pu L. Tawna chun zawna a siema. Regional Council chu ieng sawrkar hnuoi am ning a ta? a zuk tia. Manipur CM Pu PB Singh chun Manipur sawrkar hnuoia um a tih, a tih. Khuongpu Pu Santen chun khuong vawithum a hei vuoka. Mipui hai an tindar ta a nih. Senvon nunghak Darchawng chu ramri vaitan zawnga lama hmathuoitu a nih.
Manipur a Mizo Union leader hai chu man tumin a zawng ta nghala. Chuong chun Lungthulien khuo ah AR camp an nghat bawk. Manipur ramri vaitan zawng ngawtin hei lam ei tih, an lo ti hlak leiin Hmar laia Mizo Union thuoitu hieng Pu L. Tawna, Lalsungkim, Tawia, Khuongsunlien, Thanga, Pu HV Tawnga, Pu Kunga, Pu Hmunthang Infimate, Pu Chala le Pu Sieka hai chu man an hung nih. Imphal jail ah thun an nih.
Merger
Kum 1948 a inthawk khan Manipur ah Manipur State Council sawrkar a ngir ta leiin Manipur in India sawrkar a zawm ding le ding naw chu thlangtlinga um Manipur State Council hrietpuina la lovin Manipur Maharaja Bodhchandra chun a nuom thu thuin India sawrkar a lo inrempui thei ta nawh, titu an um.
Amiruokchu, September 21, 1949 khan India sawrkar chun force in Maharaja chu lekha a lo insign tira, Manipur State Council hrietpuina um der lovin Manipur state chu India in a lo laklut, titu an um. Chu nia inthawk chun Manipur chu Indian Dominion hnuoia a hung um ta a nih. Automatically-in 53 member umna Manipur CM Pu R. Amar Singh a thuoi Manipur Assembly chu thaibo a hung nia. Manipur sunga Hmarbiel khawm Manipur state sungah permanently a rinlut a hung ni tah. Hmar delna khuo Senvon biel sunga um hai popo khawm India ah rinlut an lo ni tah.
Lushai Hills District
Kum 1952 a Assam rama Lushai Hills district huomsung popo Sixth Schedule an zamkhum khan Manipur a Senvon biel chu Lushai Hills District Council huom sungah rinlut a ni ve nawh. Mizo Union leader haiin Lushai Hills District huomsung boundary an ziek lai khan Tuivai ral ah ei lo kokai hne ta nawh.
PLRC
Manipur a boycott movement ei thaw lai April 15, 1948 khan Assam state a Lushai Hills District sungah Lushai Hills Advisory Council election an ei vea. Chu taka chun Pawi Lakher thuoitu hai chun candidate an lo siem ve. Pu Z. Hengmang chu Sagau ah an thlangtlinga. Pu Vako chu Pawi-Lakher area ah an suktling bawk. Lushai Advisory Council ah an luta, kum 1953 khan Pawi Lakher Regional Council (PLRC) an hung nawrdawk ta lem a nih.
Hmar Regional Council under Mizo ADC
Lushai Hills ah kum 1961 khan Mizo 2,13,061 an uma. Pawi 4587 chau an nih. Lakher khawm 8790 chau an nih. Hmar 3118 ei nih. Khang hun laia Mizoram Hmar hai khan Mizo ADC sunga PLRC ang deu Hmar Regional Council lo hni ve hai sien chu, vawisun hin ADC a hlangkai a ni ta hmel, titu ei um.
Thil hrim hrim chu a hun lai tak ti a lo uma. Sap haiin, "An idea whose time has come", ti le, "An idea whose time has crossed", ti dam an nei. "For everything there is a time", an lo ti bawk.
Manipur Hmar Regional Council
Manipur tienga Hmar hai khawma Manipur State Council election June 1948 khan ei lo intuokpui ve. Senvon bielah Hmar mi inngirtir-in, Mizo Union leader hai khan Hmar candidate lo support tling hai sien chu, khang hun laia politics kha an hemdanglam thei ring a um. Hmar Autonomous District Council khawm an lo hmu el thei an tah, titu ei um.
Kum 1949 lai khan Manipur sunga Sixth Schedule Autonomous District Council a la um nawh. Pu PB Singh khan Autonomous District Council dam lo sopui nisien chu Manipur state thangpuina sirsanin India sawrkar chun District Council a mi pek thei.
Hnam dang khawma ADC chu an lo sopui tawl tah. Lushai Hills District sunga Regional Council an lo demand kha thil thei a lo nih, a san chu majority Mizo haiin ADC an demand ve zing leiin. Amiruokchu, Regional Council hi Autonomous Council um hmasa zetna biela um hlak a nih. Khang hun lai khan Manipur sunga ADC a um nawh. Chuleiin Regional Council ngirdawk pui thei Sixth Schedule District a um nawh.
Valley hai lai India sunga merger nuom le nuomlo an inkatnuka. Naga haiin Naga Hills an lo zawm tum ve. Kuki haiin a hranin autonomy an lo buoipui vea. Pu PB Singh in Regional Council a sopui kha Manipur sawrkar hnuoia mi ning a tih, a ti lei khan Manipur MU thuoitu hai khan inhlemna angin an lo ngai khawm a ni thei. Kuki, Naga le Hmar hai Autonomous District Council pek ning in ta, a hran sengin Regional Council in nei ding a nih, lo ti dam nisien chu, ei thuoitu hai khan second thought an nei nuom ring a um.
Chun Manipur a Mizo Union leader hai khan ADC hnawt Lushai Hills leader hai kuoma khan Hmar Regional Council lo hni lem hai sien chu an hlawtling lem ka ring.
Kum 1952 a pieng Lushai District Council (1952-1970) hnuoia khan Hmar Regional Council indin thei a nih. Kum 1953 khan Lawngtlai, Saiha le Chawngte a Pawi-Lakher hai ta ding Regional Council (PLRC) indin a nih. Chu regional council chu Mizo District Council hnuoiah kum 1953-1972 chen khan a lo ngira. Kum 1972 a Mizo District Council UT a hlangkai a hung ni khan PLRC kha kha kum ma khan ADC pathumin the a hung nih. Chakma chen an hung vangnei pha ta a nih.
Manipur a Regional Council ei sopui ang khan Mizo Union a thang Lushai Hills a Hmar leader hai khan Lushai Hills ADC a pieng hnung khan an buoipui rak ta nawh. A san chu Cachar ah HMF, Manipur ah HNC le HNU haiin Hmar District ti an hung sopui ta lei khan Lushai Hills politics a khan Hmar hai kha ringhlel ei hung kai ta pei khawm a hawi. Amiruokchu, Manipur le Lushai Hills a MU thuoitu Hmar hai kha an phak ang level peia varna nei an lo nia. An movement kha khang hun laia a tamlem hai pawm a nih.
Kuki le Thadou lal hnamna khan Manipur a Hmar mipui lungril a lo hne taluo lei khan Mizo Union thuoitu hai khan khang hun laia administrative realities le historical current kha an lo sui chet chet hman ta naw khawm ni mei a tih. Natural boundary, feasibility thil le Sixth Schedule kalhmang le sawrkar chinchang ngaituona hun tha an lo nei hman naw khawm kha pawi ei tih. Chawp le chil thil vawng an lo tuoka. Inhmaw deuva dawn chi vawng an lo tawng a nih. First generation leader an ni leiin a bul tantu an ni vawng. Political dictionary zuk phet nghal thei ding an nei nawh. Chuleiin khang hun laia an wisdom kha hmangin hnam rawng an lo bawl a nih.
Thukharna
Kum 1948 a Hmar Boycott Movement khan ei thuoitu hai thil tam tak an chuktir. Amiruokchu a hnunga HNC (1953) le HNU thuoitu (1958-1997) second generation leadership hai khan an hma a Mizo Union thuoitu (1946-1952) hai hlawsamna san kha an lo study tha rak naw angin an lang tlat.
Second batch Hmar leaders hai hin state puitling pathum Manipur, Assam le Mizoram a um ei ni tah ti kha man harsa an lo ti hle. Lobby le number pawimawzie an lo manthel deuvin ka hmu. Administrative boundary inza a tula. Hi kawnga hin an fail metin ka hriet. Hmar delna ram popo khitkawpa "Hmar Hills District" nawr ti tak kha political vision ang chauva hmang thei a lo nia. Chengna state sengah political apparatus puitling nei a tulzie hrie hmasa sa haiin political realism sirsanin, an chengna state, khuo le vengah hnam angin hma an sawn thei dan ding lampui an ngaituo dawk peia. Amiruokchu, Manipur a Hmar District Movement kha Tipaimukh MLA movement le an lo khitkawp tal tala. HNU chu thangpuitu tha nei lovin kum tam a lo um pha ta a nih. Vawisun hin Hmarram in HNU thuoitu hai a maksan tah. Hnam anga daksuok intak ei hung ti ta a nih. Chuleiin Manipur a Hmar hai hi ei intuoithar thei nawk naw chun, politically a ngirdawk thei ta lo ei ni tah.
In bawlna hmun ei inchawk ngun tah. Riekna ding building khawm ei bawl rawn tah. Lekhathiem ei tam tah. Biekin khawm ei phun rawn tah. Insekhek khawp kohran ei um ta bawk. Amiruokchu, Hmarram tia uongpui khawp Hmardesh inchi khat khawm Manipur ah ei la nawr dawk nawh. Pherzawl district hi Hmar district a ni nawh. Thanlon a bielsa. Hmarram hmathlir neia intuoithar tum HAADDCo (1997) hai hmalakna kha a sunzawm theitu ei um nawk pha Manipur a Hmar hnam harsatna le beidawngna popo la kieng a tih.
-Lakhawmtu
Dada le Jojo Pa
27.7.2020
