Kum 1944 khan Indian nationalist leader Pu Subhash Chandra Bose in Saikot lal Pu Kawlvelthang Hmar an hmupuia. Saikot haiin INA sipai hai chu thla nga vel an lo chawm.
Mizo Union
Kum 1946 khan Assam ram sunga Lushai Hills district huomsunga Aizawl khuo ah Mizo Union (MU) a pienga. Pu Pachhunga Hmar chu President hmasatak a nih. Tuta Mizoram tlangdung, Manipur Hmarbiel le Vangaitlang, Assam a Cachar phai a lo hrut nasa.
Manipur state-a MU President hmasatak chu Pu Thanga Hrangchal, Sipuikawn khuo a nih. October 11, 1947 khan Thanglung chu President a hung nia. Kum 1948 a Senvon khuoa MU Assembly a khan Pu L. Tawna chu President thar dingin thlangtling a nih.
Assam state-a Cachar a ruok chu Pu HK Bawichhuaka kha Lakhipur biel Divisional Councillor a nih. Kum 1949-1952 chen General Secretary a ni bawk. Dr Rosiama khawm Lakhipur MU ah laklut a nih. Assam a district Lushai Hills District ah Pu Pachhunga Hmar le Thangler in MU an thuoi ve.
Hmar nau a tamlemin MU kha ei lo inrui chil a nih. 1947 a zalenna ei hmu khan Mizo sawrkar rorelna um ding le inzawma a par chen ei lo lawm hman a nih. Paite in Khul Union (KNP) an indin vea. Kuki haiin Kuki Union (KNA) an lo sopui ve. Vaiphei hai khawma VNO an nei. Hmar haiin MU a thangruol dingin ei fiela. Ei beiseina le ringna popo MU a khan ei lo bang a nih. Lal thuneina popo tawp a ta, Lal sadar, lal busung le phurrik popo bo tang a tih, an hang ti lem khan chu Mizo rorelna kha thlumte thlirin ei lo thlir ta a nih. Amiruokchu, lal popo thangruolin lalpawl an siem vea. August 14, 1947 a inthawka October 1947 chena ngir Manipur interim sawrkar tieng an lo thang a nih. Kum 1948 a Manipur election a khan Senvon biela ah Paite haiin Pu TC Tiankham an inngirtira. Kuki haiin Pu T. Kipgen an inngirtir ve. Sandam Hmar, Pherzawl khawm a ngir ve. Amiruokchu, Paite hai candidate a tling. 1948 election kha MU in ei lo boycott. Paite hai chu KNP a inthawkin an suoka, kum 1949 khan PNC an indin. ST status an nawr ta a nih.
Manipur chun Hmar haiin Mizo sawrkar an zawm tum chu dang an lo tum. Manipur Maharaja PB Singh chu January 1949 khan Assam Rifle sipai thuoiin Hmarbiel sir a tuma. February 2, 1949 khan Parbung a tlung. Khuo lal popovin an lo welcome. Chuong chun Manipur Maharaja PB Singh lutna taphawtah MU leader hai an lo tlansie peia. Aizawl a inthawkin Mizo Union General Secretary Pu HK Bawichhuaka, Pu Thanglera le Pu Sakawra hai chu inrangtakin Senvon an hung luta. Regional Council khawm ti sien hnawl dingin mipui hai an infui. PB singh chu February 4, 1949 khan Senvon a luta. Lampuia chun Hmar tlangval hai an lo zal sipa. Kea hung a nia. Fena ding lampuia tlangval zal hai chu sipai haiin an keitho peia. Hmatieng tlanin an lo zal nawk pei a nih. Senvon a chun MU hotuhai inbiekpui a tuma. Pu L. Tawna chun inkhawm hma metin mipui a lo meeting puia. Regional Council peng ka ti cheu a ti chun ieng sawrkar hnuoi am ting ei ta; Manipur a ti chun khuongpu in khuong vawithum vuong a ta. Intieng ei inlawisan vawng ding a nih tiin a rel pui ta a nih. An inbiekpui ta ngeia. Mizo sawrkar in zawm naw chun vawisun hin Regional Council ka pek nghal cheu ni raw seh a hei tia. A thu hril zing lai chun Mizo Union leader Pu L. Tawna chun zawna a siema. Regional Council chu ieng sawrkar hnuoi am ning a ta? a zuk tia. PB Singh chun Manipur sawrkar hnuoia um a tih, a tih. Khuongpu Pu Santen chun khuong vawithum a hei vuoka. Mipui hai an tindar ta a nih. Mizo leader hai chu man tumin a zawng tawla. Chuong chun Lungthulien khuo ah AR camp an nghat ta a nih. MU member tam tak chu union sazai an pek. Manipur ramri vaitan zawng ngawtin hei lam ei tih, an lo ti hlak leiin Hmar laia Mizo Union thuoitu hieng Pu L. Tawna, Lalsungkim, Tawia, Khuongsunlien, Thanga, Pu HV Tawnga, Pu Kunga, Pu Hmunthang Infimate, Pu Chala le Pu Sieka hai chu man an hung nia. A tamlem chu Imphal jail ah thun an nih.
Kum 1952 a SRC sirsana Assam hnuoia district kha Lushai Hills District an tia. Chun Tuivai le Tuiruong in a mi thedan pangai bawkin an mi the ta a nih. Pu L. Tawna chun lungin a inthawkin an banna lekha a hung thawna. Beiseina popo chu an hmai mawkna in a hung inchang ta a nih. Amiruokchu, Lushai Hills chu Mizo Hills tiin kum 1954 khan an thlenga. MIzo Union leader Pu HK Bawichhuaka chu Secretary, MDC 1954-1962 dingin an ruot bawk. Kum 1965 a inthawka 1970 chen kha CEM an innitir a nih. Rosiama khawm Secretary, MDC dingin an ruota. Sienkhawm Manipur tienga Hmar hai lung a awi thei ta nawh.
Kum 1949 khan Lushai chu ST an ni tah. Kum 1950 khan Kuki hai ST an ni ta bawk. Kum 1952 khan Hmar chu Lushai sub-tribe ei la nih. Dulian tawng chu Mizo District Council thar a chun official language in an hung hmang khan Hmar thuoitu hai lung a hung na ta bek bek a nih. Mizo Union movement hlawsamna chu Hmar nina hrietna lungril lo thi ta hnung le Hmar tawng thi ta hnung sukhringna dinga tlawmngaina thar le thuoitu thar inpiengtirtu a hung ni ta lem.
Hmar Mongoloid Federation
Mizo Union a vul vanglai tak khan inhlemna um rawi pal a ti ti inlau leiin Pu Laltudai Roy (Harish Roy) le Pu Thangte Kuki haiin June 1, 1948 khan Hmarkhawlien ah meeting an lo neia. Dwarbond, Cachar ah Hmar Mongoloid Federation (HMF) office an indin. Cachar a tlangmi hai hamthatna ding an lo nawr ve tum. Pu L. Tawna in kum 1953 khan a join-a. Hmar district a demand-pui. Pu VL Ralsun le Pu Hrilrokhum Thiek hai khawma DC, Cachar fethlengin SRC 1953 kuoma Hmar District an lo demand ve. Amiruokchu Mizo Union leader le Mizo a inhnik mipui a tamlemin HMF hi an hlutsak nawh. Chuleiin party ang tak takin hma an lak thei nawh. Ieng tak tak thaw an nei hman nawh.
Hmar National Congress
Kum 1952 a Lushai Hills District chun Tuivai le Tuiruong a hung kan zo ta nawa. Ram hmangai ei ti pa Mizo Union leader Pu L. Tawna khawma lungin a inthawkin inbanna lekha a hung zieka. Mizo District Council hnuoia hai inzak an um hle ta a nih. Ruoi thena ina bu fa dinga fe ve si ngai pawimaw hlaw mang lova mi popo hmu hawia kawtkhar bula ngir zum duk laia bu le hme chang nawk ta lo hai inzak tuor le ngirhmun ang khat char Hmar in ei hung ngirpui ta a nih. Chuleiin Hmar mithiem hai lai ngaituona thar a hung pieng thei ta a nih. Pu Rochung Pudaite in kum 1953 khan India PM kuoma lekha a thawna. Sixth Schedule hnuoia Manipur, Lushai Hills le Cachar a Hmar delna popo khitkawpin Hmar Hills District a lo hni.
Kum 1954 khan Lushai tawng chu Mizo District ah official language a hung nia. Hmar hai ST ei la ni bawk naw leiin sawrkar hriemhrei SRC 1954 hai kuoma memorandum petu ding Hmar lekhathiem an inzawng tan ta a nih.
July 3, 1954 khan Parbung khuo ah inkhawm an rawta. Hmar National Congress (HNC) an indin. Chairman dingin Pu Rochunga Pudaite, President dingin Pu J. Lungawi an thlanga. Pu Thienga Nampui chu Secretary dingin an thlangtling. Pu Saia chu Treasurer in a thang. Pu J. lungawi a rawiin August 1954 khan SRC kuoma memorandum an peklut. Chu taka chun Hmar Hills District an hni. Lushai Hills, Cachar, Manipur le NC Hills a Hmar khuo hai khitkawp in rorelna khawl an lo demand a nih. ST status an hnisa bawk.
HNU thuoitu pawimaw deu hai chu a hnuoia hin ei hung tarlang
1. Dolur, Pherzawl, Manipur
2. Hrangsing, Parbung, Hmarbiel
3. Suoka, Vaitin, Mozoram
4. Neia, Hmarkhawlien, Cachar
5. Khumthang, Thingpuikuol, Vangai
6. Rothuom, Cachar
7. Zathuoi, Ngurte, Churachandpur
8. Kawlvelthang, Saikot
9. Darlienthang, Boroarkap, NC Hills
10. Hrilrokhum Thiek
HNC Chairman Pu Rochung Pudaite chu Bible inchuk dingin Sapram tieng a pan ta leiin HNC chun sin an thaw mumal thei ta nawh. Chuong lai chun HNC chu siemtha nuom an hung suoka. Sukhrattu dingin Pu L. Tawna chu HNC Assembly ah HNC President dingin an thlang ta a nih. Pu L. Tawna thlawptu dingin Pu VL Bawia (Lungthulien) chu Secretary thar dingin an thlang. Treasurer dingin Pu LK Sata (Lungthulien) an thlang bawk. Amiruokchu, Pu L. Tawna in sawrkar sin a hung hmu khan a ngai bawkin HNC chu a mumalnaw zui ta pei a nih. Chuong chun Mizo Union movement tieng bawk sukhring nuomna a hung lien tiel tiel ta a nih. Pu Thanglora chu MU tienga thuoitu a hung ni ta pei a nih.
Thuoitu hmasa hai zarin India sawrkarin kum 1956 khan Hmar hai chu ST list ah a mi ziektlar ta a nih. Kum 1956 khan NC Hills tieng politics ah hma ei hung sawn hle bawk. Pu CH Khotlang chu NCHAC ah CEM dingin thlangtling a hung nia. Pu CH Khotlang le Pu T. Nampui hai hmalakna zarin NC Hills ah Kuki and Hmar Defence Organisation khawm indin a nih.
Cachar a Hmar hai hi kum 1956 a ST list a khan ziektlar an lo ni ve naw ti an hrietdawk charin kum 1957 khan Kumbha khuo mi Pu L. Thanthuom a rawiin Tribal Union an indina. Cachar a Hmar hai ta dingin ST status an demand ve ta a nih.
Hmar National Union
Politics tieng pawl pathum (Mizo Union, Hmar Mongoloid Federation le Hmar National Congress) a ei inthe hun kum 1958 lai chun Hmar laia business thawtha Pu Rokung Khawlum chun Senvon khuo a zu sira. Lekha sutna khawl typewriter a nei. HNC thuoitu Pu VL Bawia le Pu LK Sata haiin Pu Rokung chu an rawna. Hnam thuoitu mithiem zawng dingin rawtna an siem ta a nih. Lekha an suta, fielna an siem ta a nih. Mithiem tam tak an lo lo dawra. Hmar Political Conference nei dan ding an lo buoipui ta chur chur a nih.
Hmar Conference 1
A. Parbung ah 1st Hmar Political Conference an kova. September 20, 1958 khan an nei. Politics tienga ei hmalakdan ding an sopuia. Mipui ngaidan an lak.
Hmar Conference 2
B. 2nd Hmar Political Conference October 21, 1958 khan Lungthulien ah an kova. Chu taka chun political party thar indin an rem ti ta a nih.
Hmar Conference 3
C. 3rd Hmar Political Conference December 5, 1958 khan Senvon ah an kova. Hi taka hin Hmar National Union (HNU) an indin ta a nih.
(HNU a "H" hi HMF a H a nih. HNU a "N" hi HNC a N a nih. HNU a "U" hi MU a U a nih)
Pu HK Khawlkung chu HNU President hmasatak dingin an thlanga. Amiruokchu, DM College ah Lecturer sin a hmu khan an ban. April 25, 1959 khan Parbung ah HNU Special Assembly an kova. Pu SK Hrangchal chu HNU President dingin an thlangtling. Pu VL Bawia chu HNU Secretary dingin an thlangtling bawk. Amiruokchu, Secretary sin chu Graduate zo char Pu Ruolneikhum Pakhuongte kuoma an hlan sawng ta lem a nih.
Kum 1960 khan Pu Selkai Hrangchal a rawiin HNU chun Hmar District an hung nawr nawka. Amiruokchu, February 8, 1960 khan unau Kuki haiin Tamenglong biela Rawvazawl khuo an hung raw khan unau Kuki hai le ei hung buoi ta thut ela. Mizoram ah Hmar pathum an lo that khan Vangai laia 300 hai chu Zeikul ah an intawm ta a nih. Volunteer haiin an inhuolkhuma. Harsat beidawng tamtak an lo um. Thanlon SDO le Assam Rifle hai chu kea hung lawnin an hung sansuok ta a nih. Thla li laizet buoi hnungin KNA le HNU in inremna an siem.
Kum 1960 a Kuki-Hmar Indo leia khuo ei lo rausan ta hai
MANIPUR
1. Suongsang
2. Zote
3. Vanchengphai
4. Phaiphenzawl
5. Doiheng
6. Daiderhmun
7. Avangthana
8 Ralienphai
9. Vangai phaipui
10. Rawvazawl
11. Ralsunzawl
12. Tuisenphai
ASSAM
1. Khawhmunlien
2. Tuikuol
3. Lungdai
4. Thenzo
5. Thingkap
6. Kherseutlang
7. Ramthalai
HNU President Pu SK Hrangchal chun Hmar District hmu theina ding a ni phawt chun tiin kum 1963 khan MLA a lo ngira. A tling nawh. Mipui ngaidan a lo ni naw leiin HNU President a nina thleng nuom an hung um ta a nih. November 14, 1963 khan Parbung Assembly ah MU thuoitu Pu Thanglor chu HNU President dingin thlang a hung nih. Ama khawm hin Hmar district a nawrkuo thei chuong naw leiin HNU chu a maksan.
April 23, 1966 khan Lungthulien ah HNU General Assembly nei a nih. Chu taka chun Pu Ngurdinglien Sanate chu HNU President dingin thlangtling a nih. Kum 1968 khan Pu Ngurdinglien le TK Buongpui haiin sawrkar kuoma Hmar Autonomous District hnina memorandum an lo pek nawk. Mipui an phur em em a nih. Village Volunteers Force (VVF) hai chu HNU armed wing ang elin an hung um ta a nih. District Demand Day hai hmangin lam an lo hraw hlak. Manipur Assembly ah MLA nei lem chun Hmar District kha hmu nghal el ding angin HNU thuoitu hai khan mipui an lo hrila. MLA nei phawt chun Autonomous District chu mansapuia paisa angin an lo hril bawk. Education a lan hnuoia. Thil chinchang le Sixth Schedule hmu dan le nawrdan kawng lampui hrie kha an lo um mang nawh. Chu leiin MLA tling hai chauvin Hmar District an nawrdawk thei ti kha mipui lai a awitu an tamlem ta a nih. Chuleiin MLA nei chu thuoitu le mipui hai thil tum tak a hung ni tung ta pei a nih. April 15, 1968 a HNU President Pu Ngurdinglien le General Rolly hai Senvon ah Helicopter in an hung tum lem khan chu Hmar ADC hmusa angin mipui chun an lo ngai ta a nih.
HNU President Pu Ngurdinglien chu Tipaimukh MLA a hung tling ta ngeia. HNU le Manipur Minister ni zinga mipui a hang thuoi chun sawrkar mi nizinga Hmar District thua sawrkar hang nawr rak kha a lo remchang nawzie a hung hrietdawk thei chau a nih. A beisei ang khan ADC a nawrdawk thei ta nawh. Mipui chu an hung re tiel tiel tan ta a nih. Chuong chun HNU President hai chun Hmar District nawrdawk nekin MLA tling an hung tum ta pei a nih. Chun Tipaimukh MLA hai popovin sum le pai le development an hung khel lem tah. Amiruokchu, HNU in a thil tum bawzuitu ding hriemhrei tha a nei naw leiin HNU Presidenship chu Tipaimukh MLA tling theina leilak anga hmangtu an hung um ta a nih. Chu chu Manipur a Hmar politics fe suolna bulpui a nih.
HNU politics a ning intel beidawng thenkhat haiin kum 1977 lai khan Mizo Integration Council (MIC) an hnawta. Manipur a Hmar biel le Vangai chu Mizo sawrkar ah nawrlut an lo tum ve. Manipur territorial integrity humhal tumtu an hung so rak khan zawng tuor ai ngauvin a tuor ti ang kha ei hung ni ve ta a nih. Eini kara buoina a suoka. Chu khawvel chu kum 1985 a inthawka 2006 chen khan ei lo pal a nih. Mipui an suk beidawng em em a nih.
Hmar People's Federation
Hmar identity tuoithar nawk tum mithiem an hung suok nawka. Kum 1977 khan Rengkai ah Hmar People's Federation (HPF) an indin. Pu Lalbieklien Sungte chu President in an thlanga, Harvy Darsiemlien chu VP a nih. Pu Lalkhawthang Infimate chu Secretary dingin an thlang. EFCI le ICI hai area of operation thubuoi an lo chei meta. Hmar arts and Cultural society khawm an lo indin. HSA le inlaichinna tha takin kum sawttak el an lo nei a nih. AIR, Imphal ah Hmar programme an ngena. Amiruokchu, Pu Lalkhawthang chun Loktak Project ah sin a hmua. Dr HM Songate chu World Vision ah a luta. Dr Rosiem Pudaite College ah a luta. Pu Louis Keivom khawm Doordarshan ah a lut tah.
Kum 1981 khan HPF chu sukhring nawk tumin thenkhatin hma an laka. HPF a F chu C in an thlenga. Hmar People's Congress (HPC) an hung ti ta a nih. HNU President hlui Pu SK Hrangchal in a hung indin thar nawka. Amiruokchu, Hmar District le khawtlang development tiengpang nekin Tipaimukh MLA an sopui ta lem leiin HPC chun muol a mi liemsan nawk tah.
HNU politics a ning intel beidawng le Hmar identity a tui pawllo Mizoram tienga ei unau haiin kum 1986 a inthawk khan Mizoram sunga an hamthatna ding an zawng ta lem a nih. Kum 1991 a HPC le Mizoram sawrkar an inbiekna Peace talks a khan Peace Committee tieng Prof Lal Dena (Manipur), Pu Bieka Sungte (Manipur) hai baka Pu LK Neitham (Cachar) le Pu J. Ramthang (NC Hills) hai an thangve. An ni hai zarin kum 1994 khan HPC Accord ei hung sign thei chau a nih. State boundary in mi the sienkhawm Hmarram lampuiah tangkaina ei nei tawl seng a nih.
Kum 1960-1986 khan Assam tienga Hmar haiin HNU-Assam sirsanin a hranin sawrkar ah Hmar district le ST status an lo nawr ve tum hlak. Kum 1986 a inthawk khan Cachar a Hmar hai hamthatna ding an hung sopui ve ta a nih. Chu chu CHPF in a hung sunzawm peia. Kum 1996 khan BVHTDC indin a nih. NC Hills a Hmar hai khawma kum 1990 a inthawk khan Hmar People's Union (HPU) an indina. NCHAC hnuoia cheng Hmar hai hamthatna ding an zawng lem tah. Tuhin HPC-D Assam Region in Cachar le NC Hills, etc khitkawpa Assam a Hmar hai chanthatna ding a buoipui zing.
Manipur a Hmar Hills District chu theitawpa rawl insuoa ko ve dingin hun dang danga mi tlawmngai ei inbuotsai hlak. Amiruokchu, February 13-14, 1997 khan HNU chun Hmarram ko ta lovin MLA politics tieng a kir nawk. MLA nina sirsanin Hmar District hmu ei tum nawk tah.
HAADDCo
"TUIVAI IN MI RINKUOL SIEN KHAWM" ti le "IMPHAL AH HUNG UNLA SUKFEL NGHAL EI TIH" ti ringlo haiin March 7, 1997 khan Hmar Area Autonomous District Demand Committee (HAADDCo) an indina. Manipur a Hmar delna popo khitkawp theitu Hmar District an hung demand ta a nih. Pu Sailienkhup Pudaite le Pu Zuola Shunate haiin Manipur sawrkar kuoma memorandum an lo peklut tah. An file khawm ab barin a lo um ta hmel!
Kum 2016 khan Thanlon le Tipaimukh biel khitkawpin Pherzawl District a pieng. Amiruokchu, mipui hmanga Hmar ADC nawr dan ding lampui ei la hmu chuong nawh. Chuleiin HNU Assam (1960), HA (1983), HPC (1986), HPU (1990), CHPF (1991), HPC-D (1997), HAADCo (1997), etc hai kha an hung pieng a nih.
-Lakhawmtu
Dada le Jojo Pa
27.7.2020
