(Kum zakhat sûnga Hmarhai thiem inchûkna hmasâwn zinga an thlâk danglam dân)
- Dr. Zawlthanglien Changsan, Shillong
Kum zakhat ( 1910-2010) sûnga Hmar nâuhai thiem inchûkna (Education) a tha tieng le a thanaw tienga hmasâwn pum zinga a hung in thlâk thleng pei dân hi Hmar hai ta ding chun en nguna, inchika, a thatna hai sunzawma, siemthat tulhai siemthat hi pawimaw tak a nih. Chanchintha puongdarna dinga Bible le Hlabu tiem le ziek theina ding cho awna inchûkna (reading and writing oriented education) hi Hmar Education intanna nitakin an lang. Chutaka inthawk chun hmasâwna metin, Mission School Teacher âwna inchûkna (Mission Teacher Oriented Education) in a hung thlenga, chutaka inthawk chun hmasâwn nâwk metin, teacher, clerk, rasi chen âwna inchukna ei phak nâwka, chutaka inthawka hmasâwn nâwkin sawrkar sin chi dang dang âwna (Government Job Oriented) inchûkna ei hung phâk nâwka, chu zo chun khawpui le hmun lien deua umhai chun Sawrkar sin lien le Company chi dang dang sin âwna (Job/competition Oriented) inchûkna an hung phâka, kum za (100) a hung tling ruok hin chu hmunpuia inchûktuhai a tam lem chun hrietna nei tuma inchûkna tak tak (Knowledge Oriented Education) ei phâk tan ve tah. Chuonglai zing chun tlangrama thalai le naupang tamtak chu tiem le ziek inchûkna ding tak ngiel khawm hmu zo lo an um zing bawk
Kum 1910a Senvawn khawa Chanchintha a lût hma khawm hin hmarnau thenkhathai chu Imphal, Aizal le hmun dang dangah lekha inchûk dingin an lo fe ta hrima. Mizorama Primary School hmasatak, 1894a Rev Lorrain le Rev. Savidgein haiin an hawng laia an studenthai laia khan Hmar mi an thang le an thangnaw hrietchiengna tak a um thei ta nawh, asanchu, kha primary school hmasatak kha kum thlawmte hnunga khar a ni nawk nghal leiin. Kum 1908-in Mizorama Middle School hmasatak Rev. D.E. Jones-in a hung hawng nâwka (Rev Hrilrokhum Thiek, Thima Inthawka Var Ropuiah p8) hi schoola hin chu Manipur tlangrama inthawk ngei khawmin hung kâiin, Aizal lekha inchûk an hung um ta peia. Kum 1911-a Printing Press hai hung neia Chanchinbu hmasatak, “Kristian Tlangau” an hung insuo lem khan chu Editor hmasatak chu Upa R. Dala a hung ni phâk ta hiel a nih. Hieng lai huna lekha inchûkna hrim hrim hi Missionary School, Missionary haiin Chanchinţha puongdar theina dinga, mihaiin Bible le hlabu hai tiema an ziek theina dinga an hawng a ni leiin tiem le ziek thei beiseia inchûkna ti inla ân khêl ring a um nawh.
Imphal, Aizal le hmun dang danga lekha inchûkhai lo um nuolhai sienkhawm, Hmar hnamin ei delna Hmarram tia ko thei tak takna hmunhaia lekha inchûkna (Education) a hung lûtna tak takna chu Senvawn-a Mission School, Missionary haiin an hung hawng na kha a ni el awm. Missionary Hmasa (Pioneer Missionary), Watkin R. Roberts (Saptlangval or Pu Tlangval) February 5, 1910-a Senvawn ah a hung zoa, a ruolhâi leh Aizal an tlung in, Manipur rama sinthaw nuom ding mi an zawnga, mi pathum Savawma, Taitea (Thangchhingpuia) le Vanzika hai an in pêka. An pathum chun May 7, 1910 in Senvawn khuo an lûta, Kâwnzarah School an hawng nghâla, hun iemani chen hnunga Senvawn khaw lal Kamkhawlun-in ama umna Hmunte-ah School hawngsa dinga a ngêna leiin Savawma chun Hmunte ah School a hung hawng vea. Chuong anga hung in dar peiin khaw dang danga hai Mission School hung hawng pei a nia, kum 1912-in Tuiţhaphâia Khawpuibung ah chen Mission School (Vunga hotua ţhangin) hawng a hung ni ve tah (D. Ruolngul. Manipur Rama Chanchinţha Lûtdan le Independent Church of India Chanchin p4-6). Kum 1913-in R. Dala chu Manipurah Pathienin a hung tira. Taisena hril dân chun “Kum 1913 April velah Aijal a inthawkin R. Dala, mithiem le mi tha em em el Pathienin Manipura bielah a hung tirlût a, kan lawm nasa em em an naw ... Ama rawi chun Savawma leh, Taisena le chun Senvona Sikul naupanghai lekha an inchûktira...” tiin chanchintha a lût ruol hin inchûkna (Education) khawm a lût tan ve niin an lang. Hieng hun lai hin Kohran thawktuhaiin thil chihnih an kawp a (1) School zîrtirtu sin le (2) Pathien thuhriltu sin. Chulaia school an hawngna san tak chu, thiemna nêk hmanin, Bible Pathien thu an tiem theina ding a ni deu tak lem a nih (D. Ruolngul Chanchinţha Kalchawi Part I & II p20,21). Chuleiin hi lai huna Hmar hnam laia Lekha inchûkna san tlangpui tak chu Chanchintha indar theina ding a tiem le ziek inchûkna chau a nih.
Hieng ang School-a A ÂW le zîrtirbu inchûktuhai chun an subject by-heart a tul ve nawa, hotu hma bula antiem chun an sawn (an passed) a ni pei el a nih. Chu zoa hma an hung sâwn pei chun, mania tiem le ziek thei cho niloin, mihai inchûktir theia zirtirtua thang ve chu inchûktuhai a tamlem thiltum a hung nia, zîrtirtu an ni naw tawp khawma Kohran thawktu ni dingin. Chu zoa hma an hung sâwn met chun Kohran sin le zirtirtu el bâka Sawrkar sin hieng Rasi, Clerk le Government Teacher-hai chen chu lekha inchûtuhai chun an hung tum ve tah.
Chu nêka ei khawnghat a hung lien chun, tu chen khawm hin, Sawrkar sinlien le Company lien chi dang dang haia sin thaw tuma, mihai elna neiin (Competition/job Oriented-in) lekha ei inchûk taa. Tulaia inchûkna thaa kâi phâk mi tamtak lem hin chu sin nei el tum bâka mani subject hre tak taka fâk zawng naa hmangtumin (Knowledge Oriented-in) lekha ei inchûk tawl tah.
Hmar lâia lekha inchûkna (Education) hi hun sâwttak el Kohran kuta um angin a um leiin Kohran a buoia a châu pha chun inchûkna khawm a chawk buoi deu hlaka, Kohran a hrât pha leh a hrât ve pei bawk. Kum 1958 lem khan chu Mr Thanglora B.A. B.T. in sawrkara a sin mâksana Kohrana a hung lût leiin 1959 chun Sielmat-a Sielmat Christian High School chu hawng tan a lo ni tah a. 1963 in Sielmat Christian High School chu Mr H. K. Khawlkung, M.A. chu Acting Principal-a hmangin Sielmat Christian College-a siem a hung nia, a kum nâwk 1964-in Mr. Ruolneikhum Pakhuongte-in Principal sin a hung chela (D. Ruolngul Chanchintha Kalchawi Part I & II p244) College chu hlawtling takin a fe peia tah a nih. Ei kawlvela hnam dang tawngdang hmang haiin Kohran High School el khawm nei harsa an ti laia, College chen ei hang nei el hin chapo na thalo Hmar nauhai lungrilah a siem ding lei am a ni ding (an diktak chu Pathienin hrieng a tih) chu College chu February 4, 1969 in khâr pêkin ei um taa. Hmar nau, Hmar Education hmangaia, a sung thu hre bawklohai ta ding chun, “Khar lo ni naw sienla chu ....” tia mitthli le suongtuo vet khawp a nih hrim a nih.
Sawrkar in Hmar bielah school-hai a hung vea, High schoolhai hung hawngin, hieng Pherzawl High School le a dang dang hai khawm hi hung lain nasataka hma hung sâwnin mithiem tamtak an hung suoka, sawkâr sin lien tak tak hai hung chel vein, Hmar Education chun hma a hung sâwna, sienkhawm Sawrkâr thawktuhai laiah, mani sin thaw peinawna, hri thanawtak a hung inlêng leiin chuong Sawrkâr High School-hai chu an hung thla hnuoi nâwka mipui beidawng vieu hai sienkhawm, Kohran School anga nuom nuoma va tawng el thei an ta nawa, hotu be thiem thiem chu an sin an thaw naw khawmin hêksiet thei an ni chuong nawh. Kohran School um loa, Sawrkar School cho umna khuohaia chun naupang le thalai mani tawng tak ngiel khawm tiem theilo an hung pung nawk ta leiin Hmar hnam laia Education chu Kohran bawkin an hung tan nâwka, Kohran pawlhai chun a khuo khuoa insemin English Medium le Hmar School hai an hung hawng thar nâwk taa, vawisun chen khawm hin Manipur tlang rama lem chu Kohran schoolhai naw lem chu ring thlak tak tak a um nawk ta nawh. Mi haiin thiemna le hrietna tak tak dita lekha an inchûk tah laiin, a bikin Manipur tlang rama Hmar nâu a tamlemhai chu kum za deuthaw liemtah laia an pi le puhaiin tiem le ziek cho an inchûkna school anga bawka khan an tum tla nawk tah. Santu dang an um tanaw leiin Kohran bawkin Pathien thu tiem le ziek theina ding bêk tiin a bul tan nâwkin khaw tamtaka chun Hmar medium school-hai hawnga, chan insema an tan nâwk khawm hi tiem le ziek thei naw hlawla thangthar an um el nêk chun a la tha tho tho a nih. Ram le Hnam san ding hin “thuoitu ringumhai hung suok ro...” tia hla an lo phuok hi a lo pawimaw ngawt el.
Kum zakhat sûng (1910-2010) a Hmar lâia lekha inchûkna hi hmasâwn malam peia a hung danglam (progressive change) lâi zingin, hmasawn der loa tiem le ziek cho inchûkna, ei la khêl nawna hmun a um bawk. Tlângram khaw thenkhata chu tienlaia inchûkna rawpum chepkhâwm chungah inthunga, a ruo a ţawl deu phaa naupanghai mawngbieng vun chep pawp hlaka, tiem le ziek dân cho inchûkna chu a la bo chuong nawa, Progressive change chu a la hla hle lai zingin, Hmar nauhai inchûkna hmun tamtak hai ruok chu khawvel inthang ruola hung inthang vein, inchûkna hmun le inchûk dân hai in thlâkthleng in, Technology thar thar le Computer leh class an lâk zing ta bawka, progressive change tia pêka ka um khawm hi hieng hai en chun a awm vieu tho, hmasâwn zing puma, a tul dân peia inchûkdân inthlâkthleng na hmun a tam ve ta leiin.
