NAKIE TIENGA HMAR ṬAWNG NGIRHMUN DING

(A Paper presented by L.Ruoivel Pangamte at the Seminar organized by the HSA, DM College Unit, Imphal, at the Hmar Community Hall, Lamphel, Imphal on the topic – ‘Future of Hmar Language’ on the 28th. of March, 2016 at 10:30)

Vawisuna thupui ei chaih ding chu, ‘Nakie Tienga Hmar Ṭawng Ngirhmun Ding’ ti a nih a. ‘Nakie’ ti thumal hin, ‘tû’ hun le ‘liemtah’ hunhai a ko suok leiin, ‘liemtah’ huna inthawka ṭan a ṭûl ding niin a’n lang. ‘Liemtah’ chun, ‘tû’ hun hi a hring suok a; ‘tû’ hun hin, ‘nakie’ hun a hring suok vê pei ding a ni leiin, liemtah-a Hmar ṭawng ngirhmuna ṭanin, tû hunah lût ei t’a; chu chun, ‘nakie’ tienga Hmar ṭawng ngirhmun ding chu a hung inlang beisei a nih.

‘Hmar Ṭawng’ Chu Ie’m A Nih A?

Hmar ṭawng chungchàng buoipui ei ni leiin, ‘Hmar ṭawng’ ei ti hi ie’m a nih a? tiin hei ṭan phawt ei tih.

‘Ṭawng’ hih mihriemin Pathien thilpêk a dawng po po lai a, a thilpêk dawng ropuitak a nih ti a ni hlak. Thilsiem dang po povin an nei ve lo, mihriem chauhin a nei thei thil a nih. ‘Ṭawng’ hin ‘mihriem khawvêl’ le ‘ramsa khawvel’ a ṭhe hran hlawk a. Chuong ang pei chun, ‘ṭawng’ hin, ‘hnam khat’ le ‘hnam dang’ a mi ṭhe hran hlak bawk. ‘Ṭawng’ hih ‘hnam’ a nih a; ‘hnam’ khawm hih, ‘ṭawng’ a nih. Ka ṭawng hin ka ‘identity’ a mi suklangpèk hlak a. ‘Hmar ka nih’ inti ieng ang lang khawm, Hmar ṭawng ka hmusit a, Hmar ṭawng ka hmang thiem nuom nâw tlat chun, ka Hmar nina chu, Khawbung pahnama pieng ka nina le Khawbung pahnama Pangamte ka nina ringawt hin mi humpêk zo ngai naw nih.

Israel hnamin ama puola ram a hei nei khan, khawvel rambung hran hrana um Israelnauhai chun an ram thar chu an hung pan sup sup a. Kum za tamtak, hnam dang khuo-le-tuia lo khawsa le hnam dang ṭawng lo hmang tah an nih a. Hebrai ṭawng hre mumal khawm an um ta meuh nawh. Amiruokchu, Israel-mi indik tak an ni theina ding chun, Hebrai ṭawng an inchùk a ṭûl tlat si leiin, cham le cham lovin Hebrai ṭawng an inchùk a. Hebrai ṭawng hmang chu, Israel-mi an nizie sukchiengpêktu a ni tlat a nih.

Awleh, Hmar ṭawngah hei lût pei tah inla. ‘Hmar ṭawng’ hih iengtik hun chiea inthawka hung um ṭan am a nih a? ti hi, hriet phâk ruol a ni ta nawh a. Ṭawng suitu ṭhenkhat chun, Tibeto-Burman Group of Languages lai, Hmar ṭawng hi an zèl sah a. Hi Group-a Hmar ṭawng an zèlsa nasan chu, hi Group-a an zèlsa ṭawnghai le Hmar ṭawng hin fe dàn ṭhenkhat khatah inangna an nei lei a nih. A iengpo khawm chu lo ni sien, ‘Ṭawng’ hi, Pathien thilpêk laia a ropuitak a nih ti hi, inphat ngaina a um naw hrim hrim a. Chuleichun, Hmar ṭawng khawm hi, amaa hung ṭo dawk el ni lovin, Pathien thilpek a nih. Hmarnau haiin ‘ṭawng’ tamtak um laia ei dittak ei thlang a ni ngawt nawh. Ei ditnaw leia ei hnawl el thei khawm a ni bawk nawh. Ei ṭawng dinga Pathienin A mi pèk a ni leiin, lungawi tak, lawm tak le indiktaka ei hmang hi, Pathien dit dàn ni dingin a’n lang.

Iengti kawngzawnga thlir khawmin, ‘Ṭawng’ hih Pathien thilpêk a nih ti hi chuh sèl ruollova chieng a nih a. Hmar hnam mi Siemtu hin, ei inbiektuona ding, Ama ei inpàkna ding le ei chawimawina dingin, ‘ṭawng’ A mi pèk a. Chû ṭawng chu vawisun chen hin Hmarnau hai hin ei la hmang zawm zing a nih. Babêl in insàng bàwlnuomna lungril khan Pathien pawih a tâwk leiin, an bàwl zawm thei ta nawna ding a, an inbiekpawtheina ṭawng kha Pathienin A sukdanglampèk a nih a. Hi hi, khawvela ṭawng hran hranhai hung suok ṭanna ṭobul nia hril a nih. Mi tamtakin pawm thei naw hai sien khawm, kei chu ka pawm thiem zâwng tak a nih. ‘Babel Theory’ nèka ‘theory’ pawmum (convincing) lem, ‘Theory’ dang umin ka hriet thei ve nawh.Ṭawng sukdanglam theitu chu, Ṭawng Petu a ni sih a. Ṭhenkhat chun ‘ṭawng’ hi, amaa hung pieng suok el nihin an hril a. Kei chun chu ka ring ve thei nawh. A san chu, ṭawng hi amaa pieng suok thei ni sien chu, tlàwmtieng pan lovin, pungtieng a pán pei lem ding a ni sih a !

Ka hril tum tak chu Hmar ṭawng hi Pathienin Hmarnauhai ei inbiekpawna ding le Ama ei inpàka ei chawimawina ding a, A mi pèk a nih ti hi a nih.

Chun, iengtik huna inthawka ‘Hmar’ inti ṭan am ei nih a? ti khawm hi, hrietchieng a la ni naw zing a. Mizoram hluo hmasatu chu ei pi le puhai kha an nih a. Hmar tieng pana fehai po kha ‘Hmarhai’ (northerners) tia ko ( hmingpek) nia ngai pawl an um a. Pawm a’n takna chu, Hmar tienga fe po po kha, ‘Hmar’ ei inti vawng nâw tlat hi a nih. Chu nawa khawm, ‘Hmar’ ti hi, mi’n an mi kona ni lovin, eini le eini ei inkona a ni lem a nih. Mi chun, ‘Khawthlang’ dâm, ‘Kuki’ dâm an mi tih a. Ei lo nuom ngai dèr nawh a; tûchen khawm hin ei la nuom chuong nâw zing a nih. ‘Hmar’ an mi ti ruok chun, ei nuom naw thei nawh a; ei nuom naw phal bawk nawh. A san chu ei nina a ni tlat lei a nih.

Chuong ang chun ‘Hmar’ ei nih a; ei ṭawng khawm ‘Hmar Ṭawng’ a ni bawk a nih.

Hmar Ṭawngin Khaw Êng A Hung Hmu Ṭan:

Hmar ṭawng hi khawvela ṭawng danghai ang bawkin chi hnia ṭhe thei a nih a. Chi khat chu a ṭawnga ṭawng (Spoken) a nih a. A chi hnina chu a zieka ziek (written) a nih.

Zieka Hmar ṭawng a um ṭanna chu kum 100 vêl chauh a la nih a. Chu chu Kristien ei ni hnung tina a nih. February 05, 1910 khan Isu Krista chanchinṭha hril dingin Watkin Roberts Roberts chu Hmar khawpui Senvawnah a hung invàk lùt a. Aizawla a kir nàwka inthawka thla 3 hnungah Chanchinṭha Palai sin thaw dingin mi pathum Vanzika, Thangchhingpuia le Savawma hai Senvawnah a hung tir a. Hieng mi pathumhai hin Senvawnah sikul an hung hawng a, Lusei Alphabet (A AW B )hmangin ringtharhai chu ziek le tiem an hung inchuktir a. Lusei Alphabet-a ziek le tiem an inchùk titâk lovah Bible le hlabu chenin – Lusei ṭawnga ziek vawng an hmangpui leiin, Hmarnau haiin Pathien Thu an dawng ṭanna le Pathien Inpàkna Hla an sak ṭanna chu Lusei ṭawng vawng a nih. (Thiemnaw inchangtir talaw ding khawm an ni chuong nawh. Pumpel kawng – Hmar ṭawng ziekna hmangruo la um – tlat lo pu chuh..) Chun, Hmar ṭawng le Lusei ṭawng hi, ṭawng inhnai èm êm el an nih a; Noun lem chu, zaa sawmriet lai hiel hi a’n ang a nih. Hi lei hin Lusei ṭawng hi Hmarnauhai tuolzàwlah a mikhuol nâw hle a. Chu chu Hmarnauhai hamṭhatna khawm a lo ni ta pei a nih.

Sap Missionary J H Lorrain le F.W. Savidge haiin Lusei ṭawng ziekna dinga Alphabet an lo siem chu, Hmar ṭawng ziekna ding khawma a lo ṭha tâwk hle leiin, a hranpaa Hmar Alphabet siem a lo ṭùl nawh a. Lusei Alphabet (tuta Mizo Alphabet ) hi, Hmar Alphabet a lo ni ve el tah a nih. Hi hi, tlàwmthlâka làk ding a ni nawh a, inthlahrungna ding khawm a um chuong bawk nawh. Sâp ei ti English hai khawm hin, Latin Alphabet an hmang ve tho a nih. An inthlahrung nawh a, tlawmthlâka khawm an lâk bawk nawh.

1910 kuma Hmarnauhai khawtuol zawla chanchinṭha khaw èng hung tlung chu, Hmar ṭawngin ziek theina khaw èng a hmu ṭan vena a ni leiin, Hmar ṭawng chu ṭawng chauh ni ta lovin, ziek khawma ziek thei a lo ni ve tah a. Lushai Alphabet chu sukdanglam um dèr lovin Hmar ṭawng ziekna’n ei lo hmang veh a. Vawisun chen hin ei la hmang zawm pei a nih.

Leihnuoi Planet-a, zieka Hmar ṭawng inlang hmasatak chu G A Grierson-in Linguistic Survey of India, Volumn III -a ‘Naupa Tlanhmang chanchin’ a lo inchuon hi niin a’n lang a. Hmar ṭawng a mik a mak hre lovin, a ria inthawka a ziek dawk a nih ti chu a chieng hle. Pu Buanga (J H Lorrain) le Sap Upa (F W Savidge) haiin Lusei ṭawng an hriet phèl phuol hnunga Lusei ṭawng an ziek le chuh, inanglo tak a nih. Amiruokchu, Hmar ṭawng hretu ta ding chun, ‘Hmar ṭawng chu a ni hi tie…!’ ti thei ding chu a nih.

Ei Pathien hi a ṭha a nih. Watkin Roberts Roberts-in chanchinṭha palai dinga Senvawn khuoa mi 3 a tir hai chun, Lusei ṭawng chauva Pathien Thu hril a, Lusei ṭawng chauva Pathien mi’n chawimawitir an tum laiin, 1917 khan Pathienin Hmar ṭawng hi, Chanchinṭha puongsuokna le Ama inpàkna hla sakna hmangruoa hmang ve a nuom leiin, Hmar ṭawnga Chanchinṭha Marka Bu Mal inlet nuomna, Rev. F J Sandy lungrilah a’n neitir ta tlat el a. Chuongchun, Puhai Thanga le Thangkhup ṭhangpuinain Hmar ṭawngin Chanchinṭha Marka chu inlet zo a nih a. 1920 khan Bible Society of India hmalàknain Chanchinṭha Marka Bu Mal chu Hmar ṭawnga sut dawk a lo nih. Chu chu, Hmar ṭawnga lekhabu sut hmasatak nia hriet a ni nghe nghe. (Hi le unzawm hin Rev. F.J.Sandy chunga le ama hmangruoa hmangtu Pa Pathien chunga ei lawmna hi, Hmarnauha’n ieng angin ei suklang tah aw..? ti hi ka ngaituona sawihnîng rawp hlaktu a nih. Rev. Sandy hin a phu ang chawimawina, Hmarnau hai hin ei la pèk naw nihin a’n lang a. A thlarau hin mi ngaidam mawlh raw seh…!

Hmar ṭawngin harsatna a paltlanghai hi ngaituo chun, lungril a na vawng vawng hlak. Hmar ṭawnga hlaphuok dàm khapin a lo um a; Hmar ṭawnga ziek hrim hrim chu Aizawla Press haiin an sut nuom ngai nawh ti dâm hrilrik a ni hlak. Chuong po po chunga chun Pathien thiltum chu mihriemin a sukdanglam zo ngai nawh ti hi, a chieng nâwk si a nih. Hlaphuok theina thilpèk dawngtu Hmarnauhai lai iemanizat an hung suok a. Chuong, Hmar ṭawnga phuok hlahai chun ei kawl le kienga hnam danghai chen khawm hung chawkharin, 1923 khan Hmar Kristien hlabu chu Pastor H.K.Dohnunin a sutman tumin a mi lo sutpèk a. 1928 khan copy 500 namkai a ni nàwk a. Hla number khawm 100 deuthaw a lo ni hman tah. 1937 khan copy 2000 zet sut a hung ṭul nàwk a. Hi huna lem hin chu hla number khawm 200 a lo tling hman tah. Japan râl zo hlim 1945 khan copy 4000 dang sut nâwk a hung nih a. Hla number khawm 308 hiel a lo ni tah. Hi thil hin Hmar ṭawng chun nasa tak le hrât takin ram a lâk a nih ti a sukchieng hle.

Pathienin Hmar Ṭawng A Mi Humpèk:

A chanchinṭha puongzarna dinga Hmar ṭawng mi hmangpêk nuomtu Lalpa Pathien chu ka’n pâk rawp hlak. Hmar ṭawng hi mi sukhrâtpèk A nuom leiin, dotu le sukbuoi tumtu um khawm A mi phalpèk a. Chuonghai hnebàn thei ding chun, remhrietna le hràtna thahrui A mi pèk hlak bawk. Dotu le dâltu an tam po leh, ‘ṭawng hi a hung ṭal dawk el hlak’ ti hih ka hril nuom chu a nih. Pathienin Hmar ṭawng hi, A chanchinṭha puongzarna ding le Ama inpàkna hla sakna dingin, dawmsang A tum tlat niin ka hriet hlak. 1945 khan Bu Hmasa a hung suok a. Chu chu Dr. H S Thanglung le H L Sela hai pahniin an buotsai a nih. Hi lekhabu ei neia inthawk hin inchuklaihai chun Hmar ṭawngin lekha an hung inchùk ṭan thei tah a. Lawm a um takzet el.

September 25, 1945 khan Dr. Thanglung inrawina hnuoiah (Lungthulienah) Hmar Literature Society indin a nih a. HLS chun hma hung la peiin, Hmar ṭawng chu Manipur Sawrkar hnuoia Tribal ṭawng inchukthei dinghai laia pakhata inṭhangtir dingin, Sawrkar a nawr char char a. Chuong lai chun Manipur-a Tribal-hai chu, Naga annawleh Kuki tia ko ei la ni vawng a. October 29, 1956 ni a, Ministry of Home Affairs, Govt. of India-in Order No. 316-A a hung suksuok hnung ruok chun, Manipura Tribal hnam 29 hai chu, ei hnam hming senga Sawrkar hriet hnam ei hung ni tah a. Manipur Sawrkar Order No. E.FP/25-4/153 dated 31st. July, 1957, R. Luikham DI (TR)-in a’n suoa chun, Hmar ṭawng chu Primary School chena inchûk thei ding, Tribal Dialect pasarihai laia pakhat a ni thu chiengtaka suklang a hung ni tah. Chutaka inthawk chun, Hmar ṭawng, Primary School chena ei lo inchùk ta chu, Sawrkar hrietpui a hung ni tah a nih. Chu hunlai chun Hmar ṭawnga ziek lekhabu 40 vêl chauh ei la nei nia hriet a nih.

Hmar ṭawng damkhawsuokna dinga hmangruo pawimaw tak chu, inchûkna school-a subject pakhata a ṭhang hi a nih a. Chu chu hrezingin 1960 kum khan Hmar ṭawng chu Matriculation Course-a MIL pakhata inṭhangsatir dingin Gauhati University-ah Hmar Literature Society chun a zu nawr a. Amiruokchu, MIL-a ṭawng pakhat zuk thunlût chu thil awlsam tak a lo ni nawh a. (Chulai huna chun MIL chu, ‘Major Indian Language’ ti hlak a nih. Tulai ruok hin chu, ‘Modern Indian Language’ ti a ni tah).

Hmar ṭawng chun hmâ a hung sàwn ṭhet ṭhet pei a. 1968 khan Manipur Sawrkarin Tribal Dialect 5 – Hmar, Paite, Thadou, Tangkhul le Mizo ṭawnghai chu Manipur State-a Major Tribal Dialect-in a hung puong a. Chu le inzawm chun, Hmar Literature Society chu sukhrâtin a hung um zuol sauh a. 1976 khan chu Hmar ṭawnga ziek lekhabu khawm 200 vêl zet ei lo nei tling tah.

Chuonga hmâ sâwn pei chun, 1998 khan Manipur Secondary Board hnuoiah Hmar ṭawng chu MIL Paper pakhata inṭhangtir a hung ni tah a. Kum 2000-a inthawkin Higher Secondary Level-ah Hmar MIL Paper chu hung lût tung peiin, Kum 2003-a inthawk lem khan chu, Degree Level-a chen khawm, Hmar ṭawng chu, MIL Paper-a hlulût a hung ni ta pei a nih.

Hieng ang ngirhmun a chuongkai thei ding dâltu hi, Hmar ṭawng hin a tawng nasa khawp el a. A ṭhatlemna um chuong dèr lova, Hmar ṭawng ziek dan style dang zawng a, insuklàr tumtu le Hmar Literature Society sukbuoi nuom lei hrim hrim a, hmalatu dàm an lo hung um a. Chu chu, eini le eini sungkuo sùngah a nih. Chun, Manipur Tribal laia Degree Level-a MIL Paper nei hmasatak ei ni ding ngaingam lova, mi lo dang tumtu khawm an bo chuong nawh.

Chuong po po paltlang chun, Hmar ṭawng hin tuta ei ngirhmun hi a lo chuongkai a nih a. Manipur Simthlang a, Chatuon Hringna Chanchinṭha puongsuoknaa Pathienin A hmang Hmar ṭawng hi, A Siemtu le A mi Petu Pathien hin, mi humhimpèkin mi huolhimpèk naw ni sien chu, hieng chen chen hi Hmar ṭawng hin a tlung phàk ka ring nawh

Hmar Ṭawng Herthliek Tumin Simthlipui A Hrâng:

Chuonga hlim le lungdam taka ei um lai chun, Hmar Literature Society sukbuoi tum, mithiem inti ṭhenkhat an hung suok a. Chuonghai chun, inchûklaihai thiemnawna tak chu remchânga lain, Hmar ṭawng humhal tumna nei dèr lovin, ṭawng sukpher le sukbuorchuor an hung tum a. Style thar siemsuoktu, ṭandawktu ni inchuin, ei ṭawng le intu êm èm, ‘Ṭ’ bànin ‘TR’ an hung vawr lar a. Hmar A AW B inchûk ve lohai rilremzâwng takin, ‘Aw’ le ‘O’ hmangna, um ṭha rawng rawng, ‘Aw’ tawi dingin ‘O’ an hung hmang a. Inchûklaihai nasa takin an hung sukbuoi tah a nih. Kohran Pâwl khata thunei thei le, nuom nuoma sum le pai keidawk theitu dàm, nu le pa inzalo le mani ngaidan chauh ngaidan ṭhaa ngai pâwl, a um ang ang, zû a ni khawm a, khiet pep pep thei, an pahai Pastor-na khawm ienga ngailo le hnam sukṭhe khawm pawiti lohai an ni leiin, Hmar ṭawng humhal tuma ṭhang latuhai pang chu inhâng tak a nih.

Sum le zû hmathe a, hnam inpumkhatna sukse tum an ni leiin, Hmar hnam sunga pâwl ṭhenkhat lem chu an inhmin hman hiel nghe nghe niin a’n lang. Bu vawikhat fâk a, mani upat nina zawr nuom tàwk hlak ei lo um nàwk hlak bawk si leh! Hmar ṭawngin hieng lawma pawngsuol a tuok nasat el hi, Hnam hmangaituhai lunglai ril chu a natin a na vawng vawng hlak a nih.

Amiruokchu, Pathienin A chanchinṭha puongsuoknaa a hmang hmasak Hmar ṭawng chu, humin a venghim pei a. Hnam tinin an hnam ‘Identity’ humhim tuma ṭhang an làk nasatzie hung hre tharin, lampui indiknawa kalchawi mêkhai khawm, an hung kir nâwk mèk tah nia hriet a nih.

Hmar ṭawnga hin ‘Aw’ le ‘O’ a um a. A hmangna hran vê vè a nih. ‘Aw’ hmangna dinga hin ‘O’ hi hmang thei a ni hrim hrim nawh. Chuong ang bawk chun, ‘O’ hmangna dinga hin ‘Aw’ hi hmang thei a ni bawk nawh. Nuomna naa hmang thei vê vè ni sien chu, a pahni hnia nei hi ngai naw nih.

Chun, ‘Ṭ’ hi, Hmar le Mizovin hnam danghai nei lo, ei nei a nih a. A tlukpui ding a um naw lei a, Lorrain le Savidge haiin, ei ṭawng ziekna ding lieu lieuva an lo siem dawk a nih. A hei ṭhat dàn hi, mihriem ṭawngbau hin hrilsuok zo ruol a ni nawh. Hnam dangin a lam khawm an lam ṭhat thei lo, Pathienin danglam taka A mi pèk bìk ei ni lei hin, kei chu, ‘Ṭ’ hi, ‘TR’ mei meia thlàk ding chun ka phal naw hrim hrim a nih. ‘TR’ hin ‘Ṭ’ kâwl khawm hi a hrût fuk phâk si nawh a.

Chuong ang bawk chun, Lushai Alphabet siemtu Pu Buanga le Pu Sapupa hai khawmin, a tir chun ‘Aw’ le ‘O’ hi hmang pawlh thei dingin an lo ring a. A khawhnung hnunga an zuk enṭhat nàwk chun, ni thei mâ main an hriet nàwk ta nawh a. Chuleichun, a hran lieu lieuva hmang dingin an lo sukthlùk nàwk tah a nih.

Nakie Tienga Hmar Ṭawng Ngirhmun Ding:

‘Liemtah’ le ‘tu’ huna Hmar ṭawng ngirhmun chu, sei tâwktakin ei hril tah niin ka hriet a. A bul tienga ka hril ta ang khan, Hmar ṭawng hin hun harsa tak tak a lo fe thleng ta leiin, ka hmu dàn le ka hriet dàn chun, hieng ang hun harsa a tawng nàwk hi, Pathienin A phal ka ring ta nawh.

Amiruokchu, ‘TR’ le ‘Aw’ le ‘O’ ni lo, ‘Tl’ le ‘Thl’ hmangna dàm, ‘U’ le ‘Uo’ hmangna dam, ‘I’ le ‘Ie’ hmangna dam hi, ei harsatna lien tak a hung ni tah leiin, ei inchùk thiem tum hràm hrâm ka nuom a nih. Chu chu a ni naw chun, Pathienin A mi pèk, ‘ṭawng’ mawi êm èm el hi, a mawi ding angin hmang mawi zo naw pal rawi ei tih ti hi, inlaum ka ti bèk bèk el a nih.

A nuhnung dinga ka la zuk hril nuom chu, ei ṭawng hi ṭawng mawi le danglam a nih a. Pu Hrilrokhum Ṭhiek lem chun Hmar ṭawng hi ‘ṭawng dang po po hung suokna (Prototypes of languages) a ni hiel am a nih aw?’ ti àwnin a ziek hiel a. Hnam dangin an ti thiem lohai khawm, Hmar ṭawng hmangtuhai chun ei ti thiem vawng a nih. Hieng ang ṭawng ṭha le danglam fàl bìk Pathienin A mi pèk hi, hlutsaka ei tuommawi naw chun, Pathien lungsenna hi tawngbaw pal ei tih ti hi, kei chu ka’n lau a nih. Chun, hnam inpumkhatna sukse zâwnga hma latu chu, Pathienin A suksiet hlak a. Euripides-in, “Those God wants to destroy, He makes them mad first” a ti angin, ‘Pathienin A suksiet tumhai chu A sukvèt hmasa phawt hlak’ ti hi chieng ei tiu. Mi’n an ṭawng le an hnam thilhai hlutsak a, humhal tuma theitâwp an suo lai a, ei ‘ṭawng’ ṭha rawng rawng, sukpher le sukchingpen tuma hma latuhai hin, Pathien kut tuor ngei an tih ti hi, ringhla a um naw a nih. Pathienin A suksiet tum lei a, A sukvèt hmasak pàwlah ṭhang pal rawi ei tih.

Hmar ṭawng hi Pathien A Naupa Lal Isu Chanchinṭha puongzarna hmangruoa A lo hmang a ni leiin, dotu le sukse tumtu tam ieng ang hai sien khawm, chuonghai po po laka chun A mi lo humpèk ta hlak a. Chuleichun, hmâtieng peia khawm, A mi hum zuipêk pei ka beisei tlat a nih.

Hmar ṭawng hi ei ṭawng a nih a. Hnam dangin an tiem thiem thei dinga ziek a pawimaw nawh. Hnam khatin a tiem thei kha hnam dangin lo tiem thiem naw sien, ziek danglam pei a ṭûl hlak ding a ni sih a. Ei ṭawng hi lelo talaw rawi a tih. Hmar ṭawng a ni leiin, ei ṭawng tiem thiem nuom chun, ei ziek ang angin an inchûk el ding a nih. Ei ṭawng hi eini’n ei hmang mawi naw chun, tu dang khawmin mi hmang mawipèk chuong naw ni hai. Ei hnam, ei ram le ei ṭawng mawina chu, nang le kei’a innghat a nih. I ṭawng mawi tak humhal dingin, hnamin a ko che…

Lekhabu ràwn tlangpuihai:

1. Hmar Hla Suina L.Keivom (1980)

2. History of the Hmars in North East India Hrilrokhum Ṭhiek ( 2013)

3. History of Hmar Literature S.N.Ngurte le Dr. Rosiem

Pudaite. (2015)

4. A Critical Review of Hmar Literature

(Unpublished) Lalruoivel Pangamte (1987)

L.Ruoivel Pangamte

Rengkai, Churachandpur

Manipur.

March 23, 2016

(One day seminar DM college a, Pu Ruoivel paper present)